greek art

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39 Terms

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cornice

corner

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stereobate

stairs

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types of columns

corinthian = most ellaborate, RUNNING FREEZE (sculptures all the way across the pediment), outer islands/provinces (panhellenic)

ionic = curved, RUNNING FREEZE, outer islands/provinces (panhellenic)

doric = DON’T HAVE A BASE, simple capital (top portion of column), triglyphs, metope

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<p>triglyphs </p>

triglyphs

3 little scratches

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<p>metope </p>

metope

sculptural decoration

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<p>running freeze </p>

running freeze

sculptures all the way across

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axonometric view

cuts the building in half vertically (dollhouse view), shows how many levels there are, details of construction, etc.

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pediment

roof

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cella/naos

inner chamber of an ancient greek or roman temple

true worship area, STATUES of GODS/GODDESSES located here with an altar for sacrifices

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pronaos/antis

type of structure w/2+ columns or caryatids in the ____, placed between the columns

room to get to cella or naos

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entablature

 made up of decorations, never plain

side portion of roof, sits on columns

<p>&nbsp;made up of decorations, never plain </p><p>side portion of roof, sits on columns </p>
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stylobate

final stair/where temple is built on

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____ formed first, then _____

greece, rome

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<p>kylix </p>

kylix

drinking glass, sides = handles, bottoms of kylix’s were painted with an image → stimulated conversation at drinking parties                (SYMPOSIA)

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<p>amphora </p>

amphora

  • vessel itself takes on the characteristics of the human body ⇒ bottom = foot, middle = belly, shoulder = nearing the neck, neck = near the top, mouth = actual top/opening  → used for STORAGE of olive oil, ashes, markers, etc. [used as MONUMENT in CEMETERIES] 

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<p>krater </p>

krater

  • Painted in center, large surface area for painting and story telling 

  • Wide opening 

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acanthas line

ivy appearance

<p>ivy appearance </p>
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rosette

star/snowflake/flower appearance

<p>star/snowflake/flower appearance </p>
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order of greek art development

1) geometric

2) archaic

3) classical (more naturalistic, realistic, human looking)

4) Hellenistic

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geometric

geometric figures engraves/painted

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black figure vs red figure

black figure —> scratching away surrounding pigment to remove mistakes and create a clean, black figure

red figure =  instead of scratching away pigment from BACKGROUND, you scratch away pigment for the FIGURES 

  • Advantages → less time, more detailed, more aligned with the greek’s skin tone, more room for error (you can always make them bigger if you make a mistake)  

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what became the preferred style for vessel making?

red figure

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Achilles and Ajax plaing dice

  • play a game together, take a break from atrocities, stress, and trauma of war ⇒ in this moment of ‘reprieve’ (helmets nearby still, sitting at edge of seat ready to pounce, etc.) 

    • Achilles wins the dice game, ajax loses → moments later, achilles is killed and ajax takes his lifeless body ⇒ testament to life and the way fortune works 

    • Politics, money, sex, etc. ⇒ greeks wanted to talk about these seemingly “inappropriate” topics  

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<p>zeus or poseidon </p><p></p>

zeus or poseidon

NATURALISM = life like and anatomically correct

contrapposto position

why can it be either or? NOT SURE WHAT HE WAS THROWING

  • if lightning bolt, then zeus, but if trident, then poseidon 

    • Beard is lightly drippy and long = poseidon 

    • Hand seems like its holding a lightning bolt more than a trident = zeus  

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The acropolis

  • Source of many different temple structures situated on hills in Athens 

  • Athenians required to pay tribute there annually 

  • Greeks required to pay tribute every 4 years → panhellenic procession 

  • Buildings made as symbolic representations → outlying greek provinces paid athens to defend their territories with their military (weaponry, etc.) if invasions occurred by surrounding areas 

  • Goddesses decorated or made of very beautiful materials (ivory, gold, etc.) → how much money is being invested into defense over decorations? —> SO a treasury was built - small building that demonstrated to the islands that their investments were safe

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Propelea

  • place where greeks could rest from large trek uphill, enjoy some art before worshipping the rest of → front of image 

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Parthenon

  • most famous of all the structures (not the PANTHEON which is in ROME) 

    • Enormous statue of athena with ivory and gold, reflection pool in front of her, around 33 feet high 

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caryatids, attached to the Aretheon

figures of women that looked our iver ruins of a temple that was sacked —> never to be another temple built in that area, job was to look out for and remember that temple) → remembering a site by its emptiness 

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Aphrodite of Knidos

  •  nude (taboo for women to be nude in art during this time) → goddess of love and beauty → born nude in a seashell, covered at shore 

  • This work of art → SCANDALOUS 

    • Taking off clothes → disrobing 

    • Considered disrespectful 

    • She’s looking away → should the male be allowed to look at her without her knowing? Considered scandalous  

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Nike of Samothrace

winged victory

  • At the front of a boat 

  • As sailors sailed out to war/conflict, she was the last thing they saw → wishing them success on their endeavors 

    • First thing to see as they returned home → welcoming them back home with the victory they hopefully achieved 

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nike =

victory

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archaic/classical vs hellenistic

  • One on the left = smiling, hair texture, more muscle definition/fleshiness 

  • One on right → sharp/angular, downcast eyes, grimacing, more naturalism in terms of dying position, anatomically correct, leg and arm over edge of pediment (seems as though he can topple over into the viewer ⇒ more dramatic) → Hellenistic (heightened era of greek sculpture)  

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classical period

naturalistic, realistic, more human looking

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hellenistic period

more dramatic, real

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geometric to archaic

  • Kouros figure has an ARCHAIC smile → alien eyes, empty and vacant → all of these sculptures are painted → polychromy (many colors, brightly colored) 

  • Ribbon is his hair 

  • metopee’s or running freeze’s painted similarly  

  • Kouros → anatomical stance 

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contrapposto position

counterpoise

  • All of the weight of the figure is readjusted → in spine/back, subtle S-CURVE (when you drop the hips, rest of the body compensates for that adjustment), shoulders will then compensate for the curve too

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doric style

knowt flashcard image
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ionic style

<p></p>
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corinthian style

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