Ecological Biogeography

Areography

study of ranges of living organisms

Macroecology

study of assembly and structure of biotas

ecogeographic rules

nonrandom gradient in organism characters (body size, color, etc.)

Rapoport’s rule

range increases with latitiude

bergmanns rule

larger species in higher latitude

Allen’s rule

hotter environments have larger extremites (ear, limbs, etc.)

species richness

number of species / area

species diversity

species with abundance / area

Alpha diversity

biodiversity in an area

beta diversity

comaprison of diversity between two areas

gamma diversity

species richness over a large area like a continent

biodiversity gradient

biodiversity increases from pole to equator

peninsula effect

richness decreases the farther away from mainland a peninsula is