Unit 10: Fluid Balance

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

a system that includes all fluid enclosed in cells by their plasma membranes

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

fluid that surrounds all cells externally inside of the body

Fluid Shift

water movement between ECF and ICF

Mineral

inorganic substance; found on the periodic table

Electrolyte

ion released when mineral salts dissociate

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

endocrine hormone produced by the hypothalamus, stored and released into the posterior pituitary gland and kidneys; also known as vasopressin; controls the amounts of water reabsorbed from the collecting ducts and tubules in the kidneys

Aldosterone

hormone produced and secreted by the adrenal cortex that stimulates sodium and fluid retention and increases blood volume and blood pressure

pH

a measurement of H^+ concentration from split water

Acid

high H^+ concentration; pH<7

Base

low H^+ concentration; pH>7

Buffer

a chemical system that presents a radical change in fluid pH by dampening the change in hydrogen ion concentration in the case of excess acid or base

Acidosis

when blood pH is below 7.35

Alkalosis

when blood pH is above 7.45