________: a proposed explanation based on limited knowledge to be tested.
New cards
2
Natural selection
________: the process by which organisms adapt to their environment to survive.
New cards
3
Variables
________: changing factors in an experiment.
New cards
4
Survey
________: gathers data by asking a group of people their thoughts, reactions, or opinions.
New cards
5
Wilhelm Wundt
________:"the father of psychology "first to experiment with psych in a lab.
New cards
6
Confederate
________: research actors that secretly participate alongside subjects in an experiment.
New cards
7
Statistical significance
________: quantifies whether or not the data is greatly affected by the changed variable.
New cards
8
Double-blind procedure
________: an experiment where neither the researcher nor the participants know who is being affected by the independent variable until after the results are given, helps to avoid bias.
New cards
9
Scatterplots
________: shows relationship between 2 variables, dotted graph.
New cards
10
Psychometrics
________: study of the theory and technique of measurement, testing, assessment.
New cards
11
Stanley Milgram
________: psychologist who conducted controversial obedience experiments.
New cards
12
Sigmund Freud
________: founded psychoanalysis, the unconscious mind, id ego superego.
New cards
13
Correlation
________: a relationship or commonality between two variables.
New cards
14
Social psychology
________: study of how behavior is influenced by presence /behavior of others.
New cards
15
Validity
________: being trustworthy, correct results.
New cards
16
Self report
________ distortion: misleading or false information based on individuals providing their own thoughts.
New cards
17
Operational definition
________: the specific measurement of the dependent variable.
New cards
18
Histograms
________: bar graph recording and representing data.
New cards
19
Sample
________: a group of people participating in an experiment.
New cards
20
Humanism
________: focus on the individual and the idea that one can fulfill their potential.
New cards
21
Carl Rogers
________: one founder of the humanistic approach.
New cards
22
Empiricism
________: theory that all knowledge is derived from sense- experience, John Locke.
New cards
23
human behavior
Experiment: procedure to test theories about ________.
New cards
24
Case Study
________: an in- depth examination of a theory, researches complex issues to better understand human behavior.
New cards
25
Biopsychosocial psychology
________: the study of how we are shaped by nature and nurture.
New cards
26
Psychiatry
________: a medical doctor specializing in mental health, can perscribe medicine for mental issues.
________: reviews /moniters research on human subjects according to FDA regulations.
New cards
29
Behaviorism
________: theory that human behavior can be explained by conditioning, not thought /feeling.
New cards
30
Cognitive psychology
________: the study of thinking and perception, inner mental processes.
New cards
31
Positive correlation
________: variable relationship where they increase or decrease together.
New cards
32
Naturalistic observation
________: research method involving observing subjects in their natural environment, no intervention.
New cards
33
Extraneous variables
________: the uncontrolled variables that can affect outcome of research.
New cards
34
Independent variable
________: what is changed in the experiment.
New cards
35
Negative correlation
________: variable relationship where when one increases the other decreases.
New cards
36
Educational school psychologists
________: supports students ability to learn, and teachers ability to teach in schools.
New cards
37
Biological psychology
________: the study of the role of our genetics in shaping who we are.
New cards
38
Experimenter bias
________: the tendency of the researcher to introduce bias into an experiment.
New cards
39
Placebo
________: the sugar pill, seems real but isnt.
New cards
40
Control group
________: the baseline for the experiment, independent variable not used.
New cards
41
Unit 1
Methods and Models of Psychology
New cards
42
Empiricism
theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience, John Locke
New cards
43
Behaviorism
theory that human behavior can be explained by conditioning, not thought/feeling
New cards
44
Humanism
focus on the individual and the idea that humans can fulfill their potential
New cards
45
Psychoanalytic theory
the role of the unconscious mind, the id ego and superego, freud
New cards
46
Social psychology
study of how behavior is influenced by presence/behavior of others
New cards
47
Psychometrics
study of the theory and technique of measurement, testing, assessment
New cards
48
The unconscious
The part of our mind that is uncontrollable, things happening without our conscious awareness in the brain
New cards
49
Natural selection
the process by which organisms adapt to their environment to survive
New cards
50
Cognitive psychology
the study of thinking and perception, inner mental processes
New cards
51
Biological psychology
the study of the role of our genetics in shaping who we are
New cards
52
Evolutionary psychology
the study of evolution as shaping human behavior
New cards
53
Biopsychosocial psychology
the study of how we are shaped by nature and nurture
New cards
54
Applied psychology
direct face to face care to patients in mental health settings
New cards
55
Research psychology
studies human behavior through experiments
New cards
56
Clinical psychology
treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders
New cards
57
Counseling psychology
help people cope with everyday problems
New cards
58
Psychiatry
a medical doctor specializing in mental health, can perscribe medicine for mental issues
New cards
59
industrial/organizational psychologists
focuses on employee behavior in the workplace
New cards
60
educational/school psychologists
supports students ability to learn, and teachers ability to teach in schools
New cards
61
Wilhelm Wundt
"the father of psychology" first to experiment with psych in a lab
New cards
62
Sigmund Freud
founded psychoanalysis, the unconscious mind, id ego superego
New cards
63
Carl Rogers
one founder of the humanistic approach
New cards
64
B.F. Skinner
founder of behaviorism
New cards
65
John B. Watson
popularized behaviorism and made a psychological school for it
New cards
66
Charles Darwin
evolutionary view, theorized natural selection
New cards
67
Case Study
an in-depth examination of a theory, researches complex issues to better understand human behavior
New cards
68
Correlation
a relationship or commonality between two variables
New cards
69
Naturalistic observation
research method involving observing subjects in their natural environment, no intervention
New cards
70
Extraneous variables
the uncontrolled variables that can affect outcome of research
New cards
71
Survey
gathers data by asking a group of people their thoughts, reactions, or opinions
New cards
72
Experiment
procedure to test theories about human behavior
New cards
73
Independent variable
what is changed in the experiment
New cards
74
Dependent variable
what is affected by the independent variable, what is being measured
New cards
75
Control group
the baseline for the experiment, independent variable not used
New cards
76
Experimental group
a group that is affected by the independent variable
New cards
77
Experimenter bias
the tendency of the researcher to introduce bias into an experiment
New cards
78
Double-blind procedure
an experiment where neither the researcher nor the participants know who is being affected by the independent variable until after the results are given, helps to avoid bias
New cards
79
Hypothesis
a proposed explanation based on limited knowledge to be tested
New cards
80
operational definition
the specific measurement of the dependent variable
New cards
81
Self-report distortion
misleading or false information based on individuals providing their own thoughts
New cards
82
Placebo
the sugar pill, seems real but isnt
New cards
83
Placebo effect
if a person expects to be affected by the pill, their body can create effects similar to what medication could cause
New cards
84
Sample
a group of people participating in an experiment
New cards
85
Random sampling
the chosen from the larger population are randomly selected
New cards
86
Random assignment
the participants are randomly selected for control or experimental group
New cards
87
Scatterplots
shows relationship between 2 variables, dotted graph
New cards
88
Samping bias
when people selected for an experiment in a way that the groups will produce the intended results
New cards
89
Subjects
participants in an experiment
New cards
90
Confederate
research actors that secretly participate alongside subjects in an experiment
New cards
91
Variability
lack of consistency in pattern
New cards
92
Validity
being trustworthy, correct results
New cards
93
Test-retest reliability
reliability based on 2 tests over a longer period of time producing the same results
New cards
94
Inter-rater reliability
measures the agreement between subjective ratings from multiple raters
New cards
95
Variables
changing factors in an experiment
New cards
96
Positive correlation
variable relationship where they increase or decrease together
New cards
97
Negative correlation
variable relationship where when one increases the other decreases
New cards
98
Institutional Review Boards
reviews/ moniters research on human subjects according to FDA regulations
New cards
99
Debriefing
after an experiment explaining and understanding what happened
New cards
100
Informed consent
subjects must have a full understanding of what they are about to do and must agree
Studied by 2 people
Note 
Flashcard (20)