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Lab Medicine
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65 Terms
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1
Incidence
The number of NEW cases of a disease that develop in a population in a specific time period.
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2
Prevalence
Proportion of a particular population affected by a medical condition at a specific time.
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3
incidence
the number of new cases of diabetes in a new year would be called the
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4
Prevalence
The population living with diabetes would be the
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5
Sensitivity
The proportion of persons with disease in whom the test is positive.
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6
Specificity
The ability of a test to detect a disease in a true positive person
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7
Specificity
The proportion of persons without a disease that the test will be negative
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8
specificity
The chance that a test will be a true negative in individuals that do not have a disease
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9
TP / (TP+ TN)
Formula for sensitivity
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10
TN / (FP + TN)
Formula for specificity
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11
Positive predictive value
Percentage of patients with a positive test who truly have the disease
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12
PPV= TP / TP + FP
Forumula for PPV
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13
NPV = TN / TN + FN
Forumla for NPV
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14
Screening Test
Used to detect a potential health problem or disease that doesnt yet have signs or symptoms ( or that is early in development)
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15
Diagnostic Test
Test used to confirm diseases
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16
sensitivity
Screening test must have a high _____
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17
2
Reference range is within how many SDâs
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18
95%
2 SDâs account for what portion of a population
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19
Critical result flag
Results that are in the life threatening range. May be truly abnormal or the result of a problem with the sample
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20
Delta checks
Represents the difference between a patientâs current result and the previous result.
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21
hemoglobin
Main part of the red blood cell that carries oxygen
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22
Hematocrit
Ratio of the volume of erythrocytes to that of the whole blood
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23
Hematocrit, hemoglobin
____ __, should be three times that of,__ ___
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24
hemoglobin
Hb stands for
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25
hematocrit
Hct stands for
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26
Hb
New borns have an elevated level of ____ (abbreviation)
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27
Hb
Females have lower levels of __ (ab) due to menses and lower testosterone
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28
Mean corpuscular volume
MCV stands for
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29
MCV
Mean volume of a RBC
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30
Macrocytic
Increased MCV is defined as
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31
Normocytic
Normal MCV is defined as
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32
microcytic
Decreased MCV is defined as
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33
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
MCH stands for
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34
MCH
Contents of Hb in the average RBC
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35
Mean corpuscular Hemoglobin concentration
MCHC stands for
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36
MCHC
Average concentration of Hb in a given volume of packed RBCâs
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37
Red cell distribution width
RDW stands for
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38
RDW
Measures the RBC size variation
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39
increased
RDW is only signifiant if ______
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40
Iron def
A high RDW is associated with ____
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41
Hypochromic
Too little MCH/ MCHC
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42
Normal
If a RBC has a central pallor of 1/3 of diameter of cell, it is considered
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43
microcytosis
Low MCV is called
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44
Hypochromia
Low MCH is called
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45
Dilutional
Plasma volume can cause anemia due to what effect?
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46
Iron Def
Most common cause of microcytic anemia
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47
microcytic
Red blood cells are smaller than normal are called
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48
hypochromic
When greater than 1/3 of diameter is clear, it is called
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49
Hemolysis or bone marrow not working
Two causes of normocytic anemia
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50
retic count
Test used to see how well the body is responding to anemia
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51
Hemolysis
A high retic count greater than 3% suggest
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52
underproduction
Low retic count less than 3% suggest
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53
macrocytosis
If RBCâs lack central pallor, it is called
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54
chronic alcoholism
Macrocytes are associated with
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55
Megaloblastic anemia
Macrocytosis is associated with
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56
megaloblastic
b 12 or and or folic acid def is associated with
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57
Macrocytosis
The appearance of macro-ovalocytes is associated with
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58
Reticulocytes
Newly released erythrocytes that become mature RBCâs in 24 hours
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59
Reticulocytes
Detected in peripheral blood with supravital stain
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60
Reticulocytes
What does a supravital stain detect?
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61
increased RBC, Hb, HCT
Erythrocytosis is defined as
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62
erythrocytosis
Increased red cell mass due to increased production
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63
erythrocytosis
Chronic hypoxemia, blood doping and EPO from a tumor can all causes
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64
polychromatophilia
RBCâs that are even younger than reticulocytes
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65
\[HCT/45\] X retic count
Corrected retic count formula
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