Patient Care Review - Mosby's

Routes of entry of toxic chemicals may include:

Inhalation, swallowing, or absorption through skin or mucous membrane

Written instructions for handling of biohazards materials, safe use of the product, and cleanup and disposal directions are called:

MSDS

Older patients should be scheduled:

As early in the day as possible

Patients who have been NPO should be scheduled:

First

Patients with diabetes should be scheduled:

As early in the day as possible

Endoscopic procedures should be scheduled:

First in a series of procedures

What describes torts?

Violations of civil law that are part of personal injury law and provide for compensation for injury

Which of the following may be considered as an example of battery?

Radiographing the wrong patient or body part

Assault means:

Threatening the patient or causing the patient to be apprehensive

Which of the following is an example of invasion of privacy?

Improperly exposing the patients body

Unintentional misconduct is also called:

Negligence

The concept of the reasonably prudent person is interpreted as:

How a professional who has similar education, training, and experience would perform the act

Respondeat superior means:

“Let the master answer”

Gross negligence is:

An act that shows reckless disregard for life and limb

Which of the following conditions must be met to prove malpractice?

The standard of care was violated and the injury actually occurred and was caused by the defendant and was a result of negligence

A case involving obvious negligence would be defined by the doctrine of:

Res ipsa loquitur

Which of the following statements are true concerning valid (informed) consent?

1. Pt must be of legal age
2. Consent must be offered voluntarily
3. Patient must be mentally competent

Patient transfers from cart to X-ray table and back to cart should be performed:

By two or more radiographers to ensure patient and radiographer safety

A patient history should be take by the radiographer:

To assist the radiographer in understanding the patients injury and to assist the radiologist with interpretation of the images

Direct contact allows an infectious organism to move:

From the infected person directly to the susceptible host

MSDS provide directions for:

All persons exposed to hazardous materials

If the radiographer touches hazardous chemicals, what must be done first?

Rinse immediately with cool water for at least 5 min

Vectors may be:

Insects

Common vehicle transmission involves:

Food, water, medications, and equipment

Airborne transmission of infection may occur as a result of contact with:

Droplets and dust

Indirect contact involves:

An object containing pathogenic organisms

A system that emphasizes the placement of barriers between the health care worker and the patient is called:

Standard precautions

The placement of barriers between the health care worker and the patient assumes that:

There is always a contagion present

The most effective method used to prevent the spread of infection is:

Handwashing

Because barium enemas increase the possibility of contact between body substances and clothing, the radiographer should always wear:

Disposable gowns or surgical scrubs

A radiographer should wear eye protection:

Any time there is a possibility of blood splashing

Needles should be recapped after use:

Never

Any area that is touched by body fluids:

Must be washed completely

Hands should be washed:

Before and after contact with each patient and before touching equipment

The process of eliminating as many organisms as possible by the use of water and chemical disinfectants is called:

Medical asepsis

The process of eliminating all organism from the environment by gas sterilization, use of germicides, or use of dry heat is called:

Sterilization

When putting on gloves for a procedure, which of the following should occur first?

Wash hands

After a radiographer is gowned and gloved for a procedure, hands may not be placed:

Under the arms or on the sides or back of the gown

A radiographer who is assisting with a sterile procedure but is not gloved and gowned:

May not have contact with the sterile field or anyone who is scrubbed in

What route of transmission involves touching a susceptible person with a contaminated object?

Indirect contact

Which of the following transmission based precautions also require the use of standard precautions?

Droplet, contact, and airborne precautions

Which of the following rules must always be followed regardless of the route of transmutation of infection?

Handwashing must be performed

Which of the following does not require the use of gloves?

Droplet

Which of the following requires that all equipment and personnel be carefully covered?

Patients with neutropenia

What is used for total protection of the health care worker from every method of transmission possible in the work setting?

Standard precautions

Used bandages and dressings must be placed:

Into red plastic biohazard bags and sealed

The winged infusion set used for venipuncture is also known as:

Butterfly

When performing mobile radiography on a patient in isolation, which two radiographers are designated?

Clean and contaminated

The most common site of health care-acquired infections is:

Urinary catheters

The reservoir of infection is located:

Anywhere organisms can thrive

Assessment of changing patient conditions includes observing for:

Skin that becomes diaphoretic, lips and nails that turn cyanotic, and patient complaints of dizziness or discomfort

The normal adult body temp taken orally is:

98-99 F

Which of the following may be ingested by a patient who has been placed on a clear liquid diet?

Bouillon, gelatin, tea

Barium sulfate is classified as a(n):

Inert inorganic salt

A sphygmomanometer is used to:

Measure blood pressure

A blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg reveals that:

The pressure is 80 mm Hg when the heart is at rest

When oxygen is administered, the usual rate is:

3-5 L/min

A mechanical method used to clear the patient’s air-way is called:

Suctioning

Which of the following contains all the instruments and medications necessary for dealing with cardiac arrest?

Crash cart

What condition is caused by loss of large amount of blood or plasma?

Hypovolemic shock

What causes blood to pool in peripheral vessels?

Neurogenic shock

What follows an allergic reaction to foreign proteins?

Anaphylaxis

What is caused by an infection that results in extremely low BP?

Septic shock

What condition occurs secondary to heart failure or interference with heart function?

Cardiogenic shock

What condition may occur after injection of an iodinated contrast agent?

Anaphylaxis

Which of the following is a symptom of shock?

Accelerated pulse, cool/clammy, pale skin, systolic BP less than 30 mm Hg

What should the radiographer do first when it is suspected a patient is going into shock?

Place the patient in a trendelenburg position

Which of the following statements apply when the radiography is performed on trauma patients?

1. Work quickly and efficiently
2. Observe for changes in wound dressing while performing radiography
3. Document in writing changes in pt condition

Which of the following is used to feed a patient or conduct gastric suction?

NG tube

Which of the following is used to administer nutrition or long term chemo?

Venous catheter

What is the site of most nosocomial infections?

Urinary catheters

What is another name for a mechanical respirator?

Ventilator

The most frequently performed exam using contrast is a(n):

CXR

Which of the following statements are true concerning positive contrast?

1. Aqueous iodine compounds may be used if perforations are suspected
2. Barium is an inert substance
3. Aqueous iodine compounds may cause serious dehydration
4. Barium is a surgical contaminant

Which of the following is a legitimate contraindication to the use of iodinated contrast?

Previous sensitivity to contrast agents

A reaction at the site of injection of iodinated contrast my be caused by:

Extravasation of contrast agent

Which of the following are symptoms of a contrast agent reaction?

Hoarseness, sneezing, urticaria, and vomiting

After injection of iodinated contrast, the radiographer should:

Remain with the pt and have a conversation with the patient, listening for signs of laryngeal swelling

* ***Severe reactions occur is 5-20 min***

At first indication of a contrast agent reaction, the radiographer should:

Stop the examination and obtain help so as not to alarm the patient

Hypodermic needles are described by their gauge, which is a :

Measure of the diameter of the needle opening -- the larger the gauge, the smaller the diameter

Air must not be injected when performing venipuncture because:

An air embolus would form and may become fatal to the patient

A smaller, easier to handle injection set that includes plastic projections on both sides of the needle and may be used for venipuncture is called a:

Butterfly

A venous catheter:

Is a combination unit with a needle inside a flexible plastic catheter, both the needle and the catheter are inserted into the vein, after which the needle is withdrawn

Place the following steps for performing venipuncture in proper order:

1. Wash hands
2. Put on gloves
3. Secure tourniquet
4. Select vein
5. Cleanse the skin
6. Performe puncture
7. Observe blood return
8. Inject contrast
9. Cover wound and compress site
10. Check for swelling

Venipuncture:

May be performed by a radiographer where allowed by state law

A contrast medium overdose:

May occur in infants or adults who have renal, cardiac, or hepatic failure

If medication needs to be ordered for the patient in the radiology department, a physician always:

1. Chooses the drug and dosage
2. Selects route of administration

A patient who has sustained a head injury in a motor vehicle accident arrived in the radiology department alert and well oriented. While radiographing the patient, the radiographer observed the patient was becoming drowsy, irritable, and less coherent.

Notify the department supervisor or the attending physician of the change in the patients condition

A reaction that causes the patients skin to turn cyanotic means:

The skin is turning blue

What degree of reaction is vomiting?

Mild to moderate

In patient care, the radiographer must be constantly aware of the myriad of variations among people of all backgrounds and experiences. This involves the study and understanding of:

Diversity

What degree of reaction is dyspnea?

Severe

Which of the following is always a part of the radiographers scope of practice?

Patient education

What degree of reaction is cardiac arrest?

Severe

A document that provides instructions regarding medical care that a patient may prepare before incapacitation is called a:

Advance Directive

The formal term for no code is:

DNR

Which of the following contains points that are enforceable?

AART Rules of Ethics

Which of the following serves as guide to professional conduct?

AART Code of Ethics

The pt my be left alone following injection of a contrast agent:

Never

The study of contrast agents, their administration, and possible reactions fall under the category of:

Pharmacology