insulin drugs

insulin lispro (humalog) Action(How it works):

Lowers blood glucose by inhibiting glucose production in liver

insulin lispro (humalog) Side Effects (common):

Low blood sugar 

Injection site reactions

Weight gain

Lipodystrophy (thickening or thinning of skin

insulin lispro (humalog) Adverse effects (life threatening):

hypoglycemia

insulin lispro (humalog) Teaching:

Injected 15 minutes before or right after eating a meal

Rapid acting insulin Types: 

insulin lispro (humalog)

aspart (novolog)

Rapid acting insulin Onset of action(How it works):

5 to 15 minutes

Rapid acting insulin Peak: 

30 minutes to 1 hour

Rapid acting insulinDuration:

2-4 hours

Rapid acting insulin Side Effects (common):

Itching

Changes in vision

Pain at injection site

Rapid acting insulin Adverse effects (life threatening):

Hypoglycemia (glucose drops too low)

Rapid acting insulin Special information:

It's clear

Make sure food is ready and that they will be eating

Rapid acting insulin Teaching:

Make sure its either 15 before food or immediately after eating

aspart (novolog) Action(How it works):

Lowers blood sugar levels by helping glucose enter cells for energy and inhibits liver from releasing more sugar

aspart (novolog) Side Effects (common):

Low blood sugar 

Injection site reactions

Weight gain

Lipodystrophy (thickening or thinning of skin

aspart (novolog) Adverse effects (life threatening):

hypoglycemia

aspart (novolog) Teaching:

Monitor glucose

Watch out for signs  of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia

Short acting insulin Types:

regular (humulin R)

Short acting insulin Onset of action(How it works):

30-60 minutes

Short acting insulin Peak:

2-3 hours

Short acting insulin Duration:

3-4 hours

Short acting insulin Side Effects (common):

Itching

Changes in vision

Pain at injection site

Short acting insulin Special information:

Only insulin that is given via IV and ones that can be in pump

Called regular insulin because acts most like insulin in body

It is clear

Short acting insulin Teaching:

Make sure food is ready and that they will be eating

Short acting insulinAdverse effects (life threatening):

Hypoglycemia (glucose drops too low)

regular (humulin R) Action(How it works):

Lower blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells and inhibiting hepatic glucose production

regular (humulin R) Side Effects (common):

Low potassium

Leg cramps

Increased thirst

numbness

regular (humulin R) Adverse effects (life threatening):

hypoglycemia

regular (humulin R) Teaching:

Monitor glucose levels

Glargine (lantus) Action(How it works):

Mimics body natural basal insulin creating low steady flow of insulin

Glargine (lantus) Side Effects (common):

Itching

Changes in vision

Pain at injection site

Glargine (lantus) Adverse effects (life threatening):

Hypoglycemia (glucose drops too low)

Glargine (lantus) Teaching:

Monitor glucose levels

Long acting insulin Types:

Glargine (lantus)

Long acting insulin Onset of action(How it works):

1 hour

Long acting insulin Duration:

24 hours

Long acting insulin Peak:

None(because stays consistent)

Long acting insulin Side Effects (common):

Weight gain

Vision changes pain at site

Long acting insulin Adverse effects (life threatening):

Hypoglycemia

hyperglycemia

Long acting insulin Special information:

Looks cloudy because of protein

Second most common 

administered at bedtime

Long acting insulin Teaching:

Given at same time every day

• What is hypoglycemia/

• Not enough glucose

• Caused by body working too hard

• Insulin shock

• More common with insulin replacement treatment excess insulin circulation ro glucose deficit on blood

• What are symptoms of hypoglycemia?

• Headache

• Dizziness

• Confusion

• Slurred speech

• Nervoysness

• Anxiety

• Agitation

• Tremors

• Incoordination

• Sweating

• Tachycardia

• Seizures

• What is hyperglycemia?

• Too much glucose

• From body not working enough

• What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia?

• Extreme thirst

• Dry mucous membranes

• Poor skin turgor

• Polyuria

• Fruity breath

• Fatigue tachycardia

• Kussmaul respiration

• Patients think they are speak but it's gibberish

• The look and act drunk