Respiratory System Vocab

Mrs.Rogstad gave this to us and we need to know for Chap 4 Quiz.

Pharynx

The tube or cavity, with its surrounding membrane and muscles that connects the mouth and nasal passages with the esophagus

Trachea

The tube in humans and other air-breathing vertebrates extending from the larynx to the bronchi, serving as the principal passage for conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe; Aka air tube

Larynx

A muscular and cartilaginous structure lined with mucous membrane at the upper part of the trachea in humans, in which the vocal cords are located

Bronchus

Either of the two main branches of the trachea

Bronchiole

A small branch of a bronchus

Alveoli

An air cell of the lungs, formed by the terminal dilation of tiny air passageways

Capillary

One of the minute blood vessels between the terminations of the arteries and the beginnings of the veins

Pulmonary Capillaries

Allow the transfer of O2 into the blood and CO2 out of it in gaseous exchange with the air

Lungs

Either of the two saclike respiratory organs in the thorax of humans and the higher vertebrates

Diaphragm

The partition separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity in mammals; Spasms of this muscle result in hiccups

Total Lung Capacity

The sum of the inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes plus the tidal volume and the residual volume (about 5800 ml)

Tidal Volume

The volume of air inspired or expired during a normal inspiration or expiration

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

The amount of air that can be inspired forcefully after inspiration of the normal tidal volume (about 3000 ml)

Expiratory Reserve Volume

The amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

Residual Volume

The volume of air still remaining in the respiratory passages and lungs after the most forceful expiration (about 1200 ml)

Vital Capacity

The sum of the inspiratory reserve volume, the tidal volume and the expiratory reserve volume, which is the maximum volume of air that a person can expel from his respiratory tract after a maximum inspiration (about 4600 ml)

Carbonic Anhydrase

Enzyme that catalyzes the reversible combination of carbon dioxide with water to form or break-down carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells

HCO3-

Bicarbonate; these ions are produced in red blood cells as CO2 increases; as bicarbonate ions move out, Cl- ions move in (the chloride shift)

H2CO3

Carbonic acid, forms when CO2 mixes with water in the cell’s cytoplasm