Exam 3 flashcard but with funny shitposts

For the best experience for learn and practice in the in options in the top right put answer with definition , idk if this gonna work 💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀 This set only covers the bolded sections of Cantus PowerPoints so please go over the non- bolded sections for full coverage. Sorry to whoever got a bad grade thought he would ask more about the bolded stuff like he said.

Mesoderm function

Skeletal and muscular system

Endoderm function

construct linings of two tubes within the body.

Ectoderm Function

Give rise to external body parts/Hormone regulation

What does it mean to be multicellular ?

Have many cells

Who can’t produce their own food ?

Heterotrophs

Unicellular

One Cell

Some animals will consume autotrophs (plants)

Herbivores

Other animals will consume other animals

Carnivores

Some animals will consume both plants and animals

Omnivores

Originally unicellular heterotrophs are called:

Protists

What do animals lack?

Rigid cell walls

What is the replacement of that animal cells are held together by?

Extracellular frames of proteins like collagen

What are the 5 Key innovations that animals have evolutionized by?

Symmetry, Tissues, Body Cavity, Embryonic development, Segmentation.

Animals tend to have a definite shape and symmetry… what are the main 2 types of symmetry?

Radial, Bilateral

Radial Symmetry is most similar to…

A pie because you can separate it In multiple different ways

Is where the body has a distinct left or right, Known to have their brain and sensory structures located in one end

Bilateral Symmetry

During Early Embryo Development, there are two type of patterns… What are those two called?

Protostomes, Deuterostomes

Protostomes consist of…

Flatworms, Roundworms, Annelids, Molluscs, and Arthropods.

Deuterostomes consist of…

Echinoderms, and Chordates

What is Common between/ Found in Both Protostomes and Deuterostomes

The First Embryonic opening called a Blastopore

Where does Blastopore turns in protostome

into the mouth

Deuterostomes turn in…

into the Anus

During Embryonic Development, most Animal cells divide themselves into three layers… What are those three layers names?

Ectoderm, Endoderm, Mesoderm

What is the endoderm..

Innermost layer,

What is the Ectoderm

outer most layer

mesoderm

intermediate layer

Sponges do not have tissues instead they have…

Germ layers

Cnidarians do not have what layer

Mesoderm

What do some Protostomes not have but are instead packed with?

Acoelomate- No body Cavity

Protostomes that are not completely lined by mesoderm

Pseudocoelomate

Their body cavity is entirely lined with mesoderm

Coelomate

Sponges lack what…

Lack tissues

What are sponges classified as…

PARAZOANS (beside the animal)

Multicellular, aquatic animals that lack organized tissues are called

Porifera: The Sponges

What is the interior of the sponge is…

Choanocytes

The whip of the flagella causing the water current through the sponge is called

Choancytes

Describe the sexual Reproduction of the Sponge

• Sponges will release sperm into its central cavity to float out

• The sperm finds the egg in another sponge and fuses with it to create a Zygote

• the Zygote will turn into a larvae and then will swim to a new area

Describe the Asexual Reproduction

A Small Protuberance will grow until it’s a new complete organism

What will all the other animals classified as…

Eumetazoans

The ancient group of aquatic invertebrates that are radially symmetrical and capture their prey with a ring of stinging tentacles

Cnidarians

How do Cnldocytes get their prey?

They trap their prey and penetrates prey and injects toxin

Cnidarians have two main bodies… what are their names?

polyp, Medusa

What is the Polyp-

Cylindrical with mouth surrounds by tentacles, mouth faces up.

What is the Medusa?

Umbrella Shape with mouth surrounded by tentacles on one side

Cnidarians are divided into 5 Classes, what are those 5 classes… What are those 5 classes?

Anthozoa, Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Staurozoa

Define the Anthozoa?

Usually sessile (Attach to the sea bed), Larvae form is free swimming,

What are Adult Anthozoa labels as

Polyps

What does the Anthozoa include

Sea anemones and corals

What is coral bleaching?

When corals are stressed by changes in conditions such as temperature,

Define Cubozoa…

They have a box shaped medusa stage with 4 sets of tentacles equidistant apart (some of the most venomous marine animals are in this group)

Hydrozoa

many live in colonies, can be floaters

What is the Hydrozoa similar to?

to coral

What is a prime example of Hydrozoa

Freshwater hydra species

The stalked jellies, They stay in their medusa form, but they look like a polyp they have a stalked medusa form

Staurozoan

What is the name of a stalked medusa form jelly fish

Staurozoan

Which group contains the True Jellies?

Scyphozoan

What stays in there medusa forms in adulthood?

Scyphozoan

Which group is pelagic and free swimming

Scyphozoan

What does the phylum Playhelminthes contains

20,000 Ciliated, soft bodied, flattened animals

Describe the Flatworm

Are bilateral in symmetry and are acoelomate

What does a Platyhelminthes lack or not have

Nervous systems incomplete digestive system only one opening

what are the three classes of Platyhelminthes

turbellaria, cestoda , Trematoda

What is Turbellarias function

Excretion of metabolic waste.

What is cestodas function

Absorb nutrients from the host's alimentary tract

Turbellaria

Free living flatworms

Cestoda

Tapeworms

Trematoda

Flukes

What is Trematoda function

Protects organism for the enviorment

Endoparasites that vary in size well developed regions called scolex,

Parasitic Tapeworms

What is a scolex

Bears hooks and suckers for attachment

The smallest bio unit of life

Cells

Group of similar cells preforming similar functions

Tissue

Types of Tissue each together to preform a specific action with an organisms

Organ

Group of organs that work together to perform a specific action within an organism

Organ system

Covers the body surfaces and lines body cavities

Epithelial Tissue

Binds and supports body parts

Connective tissue

Moves the body and its parts

Muscular Tissue

Receives stimuli and conducts nerve impulses

Nervous tissue

Flattened cells, lines blood vessels and areas of gas exchange

Squamous

Cube shaped, lines the lumen (a portion of the kidney)

Cuboidal

Rectangular columns: have nuclei located in the bottom of the pillar, lines the digestive tract

Columnar

Maintenance of the relatively constant conditions of the internal environment

Homeostasis

Primary mechanism behind homeostasis,

Negative feedback

The product dampens the original stimulus

Negative feedback

What’s one example of negative feedback

Pancreas detects blood sugar is too high

2 components to negative feedback:

Sensor, Control Center

Sensor

Detects internal change

Control Center

Initiates the effect to bring conditions back to normal

4 types of tissues?

Connective, Epithelial, Nervous, Muscular

How do you differentiate the muscle tissues?

Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac

What are neuroglia?

Any of the cells that hold nerve cells in place and help them work the way they should.

What is our fat storage tissue called?

Adipose tissue

What is the most rigid type of connective tissue?

Bone

What is active movement?

Voluntary and independent muscle contractions

Coelomates with a complete digestive tract

Molluscs

Internal Organs

Visceral Mass

Muscular portion for movement

Foot

Envelopes but does not enclose visceral mass

Mantle

Nudibranchs, conchs, and snails

Gastropods

Octopuses, squids, and nautiluses

Cephalopods