carbohydrates nutrition

carbohydrates

main energy source for the body, consisting of sugars, starches, and fiber.

refined carbohydrates

removal of components of original food, faster absorption

unrefined carbohydrates

remain in their natural state, slow absoprtion

enriched

add nutrients to a product after it was loss during processing

endosperm

largest part that contains starch and protein

bran

outermost layer that is contains fiber, vitamins, and minerals

germ

kernel base that contains vegetable oils and vitamin E

simple carbohydrate monnosaccharides

glucose (energy), galactose(lactose), and fructose(sweetener)

simple carbohydrate disaccharides

maltose(malt sugar), sucrose(table sugar), and lactose(milk sugar)

complex carbohydrates

polysaccharides such as oligosaccharides, glycogen, and starch

soluble fibers

dissolve in water, can be broken down, and lower cholesterol

insoluble fibers

dont dissolve and are often in cell wall of plants

functional fiber

added for beneficial physiological effects