Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Cross’ Nigrescence Model
pre-encounter
encounter
immersion-emersion
internalization
internalization-commitment
Helm’s POC Identity Model
conformity
dissonance
immersion-emersion
internalization
integrative awareness
Ponterotto’s Model of Cultural Identity Development (for White counselors)
pre-exposure
exposure
zealot-defensive
integration
Phinney’s Model of Ethnic Identity
unexamined/diffused ethnic identity
moratorium
acceptance
Poston’s Biracial Identity Development Model
personal identity
choice group categorization
enmeshment/denial
appreciation
integration
Kerwin and Ponterotto’s Multiracial Identity Development Model
preschool —> birth-5; recognize similarities and differences in skin color and hair texture
entry to school —> may be forced to classify themselves
preadolescence —> youth increasingly aware of group membership and the social meanings ascribed to physical characteristics
adolescence —> developmental and societal factors pressure youth to choose a specific cultural group identity
college/young adulthood —> continuing to embrace single culture identity while expanding sense of self
adulthood —> further exploration of culture; increased flexibility in interpersonal relations and understanding of self
The Key Model of White Male Development
noncontact type
claustrophobic type
conscious type
empirical type
optimal type
Cass’s Homosexual Identity Formation Model
conscious awareness
identity comparison
identity tolerance
identity acceptance
identity pride
identity synthesis
Colman’s Coming Out Model
pre-coming out
coming out
exploration
first relationships
integration
Troiden’s Model of Sexual Identity
sensitization
identity confusion
identity assumption
commitment
Inclusive Model of Lesbian/Gay Identity Development (individual and at group level)
awareness
exploration
deepening commitment
internalization and synthesis
Transgender Emergence Model
awareness
seeking information/reaching out
disclosure to significant others
exploration —> identity and self-labeling
exploration —> options for transition
integration-acceptance and posttransition issues
Fowler’s Model of Spiritual Identity
intuitive (projective faith)
mythical (literal faith)
synthetic (conventional faith)
individuative (reflective faith)
conjunctive faith
universalizing faith
Spero’s Development of Religious Transformations
symbiosis
differentiation
practicing
rapprochement
Genia’s Development of Growth
egocentric faith
dogmatic
transitional faith
reconstruction internalized faith
transcendent faith
Park’s Model of Spiritual Identity
adolescent/conventional —> openness to multiple perspectives
young adult —> probing commitment and critical choosing
tested adult —> “testing” of spiritual choices
mature adult —> interdependence and interconnectedness
Poll and Smith’s Model of Spiritual Identity
pre-awareness
awakening
recognition
integration
Three-Tier Model of Social Advocacy
self-awareness
client services
community collaboration
Biomedical model
disability/illness occurs as the result of a physical or mental condition
focuses on medical procedures, surgeries, diagnostic tests, therapies, and assistive or adaptive devices
Social model
focuses on societal barrier and biases against people with disabilities, rather than on the person, the disability, or medical condition itself
the limitations experienced by people with disabilities are what defines the disability
includes attributes that are outside the individual (i.e., socially or culturally based)
Classic model
pathology —> impairment —> functional limitations —> disability
variation of the social model