Studied by 7 peopleexternal oblique
origin: 5-12 ribs
insertion: linea alba, iliac crest, & pubic tubercle
innervation: T7-T-11
action: compres/support abdominal viscera
flex and rotate trunk
Internal Oblique
origin: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
insertion: ribs 10-12, linea alba
innervation: T6-T12, L1
action: compress/support abdominal viscera
flex and rotate trunk
Rectus abdominis
origin: pubic symphysis and pubic crest
insertion: xiphoid process and 5-7 costal cartilages
innervation: T6-T12
action: -flexes trunk
-compress abdominal visceral
-controls tilt of pelvis
Transversus Abdominis
origin: 7-12 costal cartilage, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
insertion: linea alba and pubic crest
innervation: T6-T12, L1
action: compresses and support abdominal viscera
(strongest and deepest)
Psoas Major
origin: T12-L5
insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
innervation: L1-L3
actions: -flex thigh/hip
-lateral flexion of vertebrae column
-when sitting- flexes trunk
iliacus
origin: iliac fossa and sacrum
insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
innervation: femoral n. (L2-L4)
action: flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint
quadratus lumborum
origin: rib 12, lumbar transverse process L1-L4
insertion: iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest
innervation: T12, L1-L4
action: - extend vertebral column
-laterally flex vertebral column
diaphragm- anterior muscle fibers
insert into xiphoid process and costal margin
diaphragm- lateral muscle fibers
insert into ribs 6-12
diaphragm- posterior muscle fibers
insert into T12-L3
diaphragm innervation
phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
proximal esophagus muscle
upper 1/3
striated skeletal muscle
voluntary
intermediate esophagus muscle
middle 1/3
striated skeletal muscle
smooth muscle
distal esophagus muscle
lower 1/3
smooth muscle
involuntary
muscles of pelvic floor
levator ani group (most important)
coccygeus
piriformis
muscles in levator ani muscle group
puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
What is the most important of the pelvic floor muscles?
levator ani group
puborectalis
part of levator ani muscle group
maintain fecal continence
pubococcygeus
part of levator ani muscle group
usually torn during childbirth, can cause stress incontinence
iliococcygeus
posterolateral part of levator ani muscle group
superficial gluteal muscles
large muscles
-gluteus maximus: extension, lateral rotation of thigh
-gluteus medius: abduct, medially rotate thigh
-gluteus minimus: abduct, medially rotate thigh
-tensor fasciae latae: flexor of thigh, not independent
deep gluteal muscles
small muscles; lateral rotators of thigh and stabilizers of hip joints
-piriformis
-obturator internus
-superior gemelli
-inferior gemelli
-quadratus femoris
gluteus maximus
origin: ilium posterior to gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament
insertion: most fibers end in iliotibial tract which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia, some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur
innervation: inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
action:- major extensor of thigh
- lateral (external) rotator
- steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position
gluteus medius
origin: external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
insertion: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
action: -abducts thigh
-medial rotator
-prevents pelvic tilt when walking
gluteus minimus
origin: external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
insertion: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
action: -abduction of hip
-medial rotation of thigh
-assists gluteus medius in it’s actions
Perineal Muscles
external anal sphincter
bulbospongious
ischiocavernosus
external anal sphincter
constrict anal canal during peristalsis resisting defecation
support and fixes perineal body/pelvic floor
bulbospongiosus (M & F)
support and fixes perineal body/pelvic floor
bulbospongiosus- male
compress bulb of penis to expel last drop of urine/semen
assist erection
bulbospongiosus- female
sphincter of vagina
assists in erection of clitoris
ischiocavernosus
maintain erection of penis or clitoris by compressing outflow veins
piriformis
deep small muscle; lateral rotator of the thigh and
stabilizer of the hip joints
psoas minor
posterior abdominal wall
Note
Flashcard