Anatomy exam 3 muscles

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33 Terms

1
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external oblique

origin: 5-12 ribs

insertion: linea alba, iliac crest, & pubic tubercle

innervation: T7-T-11

action: compres/support abdominal viscera

flex and rotate trunk

<p>origin: 5-12 ribs</p><p>insertion: linea alba, iliac crest, &amp; pubic tubercle</p><p>innervation: T7-T-11</p><p>action: compres/support abdominal viscera</p><p><strong><mark data-color="red">flex and rotate trunk</mark></strong></p>
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Internal Oblique

origin: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

insertion: ribs 10-12, linea alba

innervation: T6-T12, L1

action: compress/support abdominal viscera

flex and rotate trunk

<p>origin: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament </p><p>insertion: ribs 10-12, linea alba</p><p>innervation: T6-T12, L1</p><p>action: compress/support abdominal viscera</p><p><strong><mark data-color="red">flex and rotate trunk</mark></strong></p>
3
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Rectus abdominis

origin: pubic symphysis and pubic crest

insertion: xiphoid process and 5-7 costal cartilages

innervation: T6-T12

action: -flexes trunk

-compress abdominal visceral

-controls tilt of pelvis

<p>origin: pubic symphysis and pubic crest</p><p>insertion: xiphoid process and 5-7 costal cartilages</p><p>innervation: T6-T12</p><p>action: -flexes trunk</p><p>-compress abdominal visceral</p><p>-controls tilt of pelvis</p>
4
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Transversus Abdominis

origin: 7-12 costal cartilage, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

insertion: linea alba and pubic crest

innervation: T6-T12, L1

action: compresses and support abdominal viscera

(strongest and deepest)

<p>origin: 7-12 costal cartilage, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament</p><p>insertion: linea alba and pubic crest</p><p>innervation: T6-T12, L1</p><p>action: compresses and support abdominal viscera</p><p>(strongest and deepest)</p>
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Psoas Major

origin: T12-L5

insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

innervation: L1-L3

actions: -flex thigh/hip

-lateral flexion of vertebrae column

-when sitting- flexes trunk

<p>origin: T12-L5</p><p>insertion: lesser trochanter of femur</p><p>innervation: L1-L3</p><p>actions: <strong><mark data-color="red">-flex thigh/hip </mark></strong></p><p><strong><mark data-color="red">-lateral flexion of vertebrae column </mark></strong></p><p><strong><mark data-color="red">-when sitting- flexes trunk</mark></strong></p>
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iliacus

origin: iliac fossa and sacrum

insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

innervation: femoral n. (L2-L4)

action: flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint

<p>origin: iliac fossa and sacrum</p><p>insertion: lesser trochanter of femur</p><p>innervation: <u>femoral n. (L2-L4)</u></p><p>action: flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint</p>
7
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quadratus lumborum

origin: rib 12, lumbar transverse process L1-L4

insertion: iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest

innervation: T12, L1-L4

action: - extend vertebral column

-laterally flex vertebral column

<p>origin: rib 12, lumbar transverse process L1-L4</p><p>insertion: iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest</p><p>innervation: T12, L1-L4</p><p>action: - extend vertebral column</p><p>-laterally flex vertebral column</p>
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diaphragm- anterior muscle fibers

insert into xiphoid process and costal margin

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diaphragm- lateral muscle fibers

insert into ribs 6-12

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diaphragm- posterior muscle fibers

insert into T12-L3

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diaphragm innervation

phrenic nerve (C3-C5)

12
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proximal esophagus muscle

upper 1/3

striated skeletal muscle

voluntary

<p>upper 1/3 </p><p>striated skeletal muscle</p><p>voluntary</p>
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intermediate esophagus muscle

middle 1/3

striated skeletal muscle

smooth muscle

<p>middle 1/3</p><p>striated skeletal muscle</p><p>smooth muscle</p>
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distal esophagus muscle

lower 1/3

smooth muscle

involuntary

<p>lower 1/3</p><p>smooth muscle</p><p>involuntary </p>
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muscles of pelvic floor

levator ani group (most important)

coccygeus

piriformis

<p>levator ani group <mark data-color="red">(most important)</mark></p><p>coccygeus</p><p>piriformis</p>
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muscles in levator ani muscle group

puborectalis

pubococcygeus

iliococcygeus

<p>puborectalis </p><p>pubococcygeus</p><p>iliococcygeus</p>
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What is the most important of the pelvic floor muscles?

levator ani group

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puborectalis

part of levator ani muscle group

maintain fecal continence

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pubococcygeus

part of levator ani muscle group

usually torn during childbirth, can cause stress incontinence

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iliococcygeus

posterolateral part of levator ani muscle group

21
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superficial gluteal muscles

large muscles

-gluteus maximus: extension, lateral rotation of thigh

-gluteus medius: abduct, medially rotate thigh

-gluteus minimus: abduct, medially rotate thigh

-tensor fasciae latae: flexor of thigh, not independent

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deep gluteal muscles

small muscles; lateral rotators of thigh and stabilizers of hip joints

-piriformis

-obturator internus

-superior gemelli

-inferior gemelli

-quadratus femoris

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gluteus maximus

origin: ilium posterior to gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament

insertion: most fibers end in iliotibial tract which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia, some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur

innervation: inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

action:- major extensor of thigh

- lateral (external) rotator

- steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position

<p><mark data-color="red">origin:</mark> ilium posterior to gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament </p><p><mark data-color="red">insertion:</mark> most fibers end in iliotibial tract which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia, some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur </p><p><mark data-color="red">innervation:</mark> inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)</p><p><mark data-color="red">action:</mark>- major extensor of thigh</p><p>- lateral (external) rotator</p><p>- steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position </p>
24
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gluteus medius

origin: external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

insertion: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

action: -abducts thigh

-medial rotator

-prevents pelvic tilt when walking

<p><mark data-color="red">origin:</mark> external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines</p><p><mark data-color="red">insertion:</mark> lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur</p><p><mark data-color="red">innervation:</mark> superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)</p><p><mark data-color="red">action:</mark> -abducts thigh </p><p>-medial rotator</p><p>-prevents pelvic tilt when walking</p>
25
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gluteus minimus

origin: external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

insertion: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

action: -abduction of hip

-medial rotation of thigh

-assists gluteus medius in it’s actions

<p><mark data-color="red">origin:</mark> external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines</p><p><mark data-color="red">insertion:</mark> anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur</p><p><mark data-color="red">innervation:</mark> superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)</p><p><mark data-color="red">action:</mark> -abduction of hip</p><p>-medial rotation of thigh</p><p>-assists gluteus medius in it’s actions</p>
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Perineal Muscles

external anal sphincter

bulbospongious

ischiocavernosus

<p>external anal sphincter</p><p>bulbospongious</p><p>ischiocavernosus</p>
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external anal sphincter

constrict anal canal during peristalsis resisting defecation

support and fixes perineal body/pelvic floor

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bulbospongiosus (M & F)

support and fixes perineal body/pelvic floor

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bulbospongiosus- male

compress bulb of penis to expel last drop of urine/semen

assist erection

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bulbospongiosus- female

sphincter of vagina

assists in erection of clitoris

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ischiocavernosus

maintain erection of penis or clitoris by compressing outflow veins

32
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piriformis

deep small muscle; lateral rotator of the thigh and
stabilizer of the hip joints

33
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psoas minor

posterior abdominal wall