Innate immunity

Briefly describe how the body innate system responds to staphylococcus aureus ?

1. Barreir → Endothelial cell (physical )+ chemical

   • skin → slightly acids , Lsozymes which break the NAG an dNAM , Hyperosomalrlity due to sweats

2. Alternate complement pathways - humoural

   • Microbial polysaccharide + polyperidn comes into contact and activate C3 converts which produce C3a and C3b

   • C3 b will go and bind to bacterium surface as starts a cascade

3. Phagocytosis - phagocyte detects PAMP (pathogen associated moculeculr patterns ) with receptor and of phagocytosis

   • TO amplify : Neutrophil (Polymorphs ) → long lived and in blood + lymph

     • attracted to the site by C3a due to concentration gradient an release the content after phagocytosis

   • Monocyte( short lived ) differentiated to → Macrophage ( at strategic location )

4. Inflammation - resting mast cell are triggered by crosslinks of IGE C3a activates cascade within th cell and releases granules →histamine ( vasodilation ) , heparin

   • histamine changes the compostion of elastic of vessels so other WBC can travel through - Diapedesis / Trans-endothelial migration

5. NK - cell

   • recognise MHC1 on healthy cell so it doesn’t kill

   • infected cell has no MHC1 so NK is triggered

Whta other assault can E.coli can face in the Innate immunity

1. Alternate compliment pathway

2. C5 converts can be activated which produce C5 which can form a membrane attack complex which can create spores

3. disrupts the mem integrity for gram neg

what doe esnophls target

parasitic infections

what is transoendothelial migration ?

Extravasation of wbc (NK ) from blood stream to the infected areas

five cardinal sign of inflammation -

erythema

ef=dema

heat

pain

altered function