Chapter 1 Chapter Notes

Liberalism Neoliberal Institutionalism

________ posits that: human nature is basically good and states generally cooperate and follow international norms and procedures that they have agreed to support.

Globalization

________: The growing integration of the world in terms of politics, economics, and culture.

Internationalization of production

________ makes it more difficult for states to regulate their own economic policies and causes them to be more affected by international forces.

Russia

________ is accused of influencing the 2016 presidential election through social media and potentially other cyberwarfare techniques.

Radicalism

________ posits that actions of individuals are largely determined by economic class; the state is an agent of international capitalism; and the international system is a construct of and dominated by the capitalist economic system.

Constructivism

________ argues that the key structures of the international system are dependent on ideas.

Aristotle

________: Use comparative method to discern the ideal political order.

Hobbes

________ believed a Leviathan was necessary to overcome the anarchic state of nature and create order.

Theories

________ provide a framework through which to understand everyday events in international relations and to answer the basic foundational questions.

Homogenization

________: People enjoying the same music and television shows.

Plato

________ introduced two ideas seminal to the discipline: class analysis and dialectical reasons (bases for Marxist analyses)

Postmodernism

________: Seeks to deconstruct basic concepts to understand and clarify hidden meanings.

Differentiation

________: The desire to retain local languages and local autonomy.

Behavioralism

________: Proposes that individuals both alone and in groups act in patterned ways.

Sovereignty

________: The independence of a state.

Leviathan

________: Imagined a state of nature a world without governmental authority or civil order, where people rule by passions, living with the constant uncertainty of their own security.

Realism

________ posits that the distribution of power among states determines the structure of the international system.

Immanuel Kant

________: Associated with the idealist or utopian school of thought; in "Idea for a Universal History and Perpetual Peace, "advocated a world federation of republics bound by the rule of law.

Radical Theory

________: State is agent of international capitalism.

historical analysis

As an approach to the study of international relations, ________ provides useful background to many contemporary issues.

Marxist Belief

________: Economic class is the major divider in domestic and international politics.

Origin and Foundations of Inequality

In "Discourse on the ________ among Men "Rosseau described the state of nature as an egocentric world with humans primary concern being self- preservation.

Radicalism

________: actions of individuals are largely determined by economic class; the state is an agent of international capitalism; and the international system is dominated by the capitalist system.

Behavioralism

________ proposes that individuals, both alone and in groups, act in patterned ways.

Constructivists

________ posit that: the key structures in the state system are not material but rather malleable and ever- changing.

Realism

________ posits that: states exist in an anarchic international system and that there is no overarching hierarchical authority.

Hobbes

________: Society can escape from brutish "State of Nature "in unitary state with centralized power.

Constructivists

________: explore how ideas shape identities and analyze the impacts of culture, norms, procedures, and social practices.

Globalization

The growing integration of the world in terms of politics, economics, and culture

Homogenization

People enjoying the same music and television shows

Differentiation

The desire to retain local languages and local autonomy

International Relations

The study of the interactions among the various actors that participate in international politics (states, international organizations, NGOs, Subnational Entities, Individuals)

Foundational Issues of International Relations

The characteristics of human nature and the state; the relationship between the individual and society; the attributes of the international system

The three contending theories in international relations are

Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism

Realism posits that

states exist in an anarchic international system and that there is no overarching hierarchical authority

Liberalism/Neoliberal Institutionalism posits that

human nature is basically good and states generally cooperate and follow international norms and procedures that they have agreed to support

Constructivists posit that

the key structures in the state system are not material but rather malleable and ever-changing

Radical Theory

State is agent of international capitalism

Constructivists

explore how ideas shape identities and analyze the impacts of culture, norms, procedures, and social practices

The Tools and Methods used to Study International Relations include

History, Philosophy, and the Scientific Method

The Republic concluded

In the perfect state the people who should govern are those who are superior in the ways of philosophy and war (Philosopher-Kings)

Plato introduced two ideas seminal to the discipline

class analysis and dialectical reasons (bases for Marxist analyses)

Marxist Belief

Economic class is the major divider in domestic and international politics

Aristotle

Use comparative method to discern the ideal political order

Hobbes

Society can escape from brutish "State of Nature" in unitary state with centralized power

Leviathan

Imagined a state of nature a world without governmental authority or civil order, where people rule by passions, living with the constant uncertainty of their own security

Immanuel Kant

Associated with the idealist or utopian school of thought; in "Idea for a Universal History and Perpetual Peace," advocated a world federation of republics bound by the rule of law

Normative

Moral elements in political life

Behavioralism

Proposes that individuals both alone and in groups act in patterned ways

Sovereignty

The independence of a state

Dalit

Untouchables

Postmodernism

Seeks to deconstruct basic concepts to understand and clarify hidden meanings

Radicalism

actions of individuals are largely determined by economic class; the state is an agent of international capitalism; and the international system is dominated by the capitalist system

Alternative Approaches

postmodernism and constructivism challenge conventional understandings through deconstructing core concepts and examining how ideas shape norms and identities within international relations

All of the following actors affect international relations in important ways

heads of state, central governments, nongovernmental organizations, international organizations, and individuals