Overview of the US Government and the Executive Branch

These flashcards provide key vocabulary and definitions related to the structure and functions of the US Government, particularly focusing on the executive branch and the presidency.

Executive Branch

The branch of government responsible for enforcing laws, headed by the President.

Legislative Branch

The branch of government that makes laws, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives.

Judicial Branch

The branch of government that interprets laws and administers justice through the court system.

Cabinet

A group of the President's advisors, consisting of the heads of executive departments.

Checks and Balances

A system that ensures that no one branch of government becomes too powerful, each branch has some measure of influence over the other branches.

Electoral College

A body of electors established by the Constitution, which formally elects the President and Vice President.

Veto Power

The President's authority to reject a bill passed by Congress.

Pardons

The President's power to forgive someone for a crime, erasing their punishment.

Line of Succession

An order of officials becoming President if the current President is unable to serve.

Officer of the Cabinet

A member of the cabinet who assists the President but is not considered a cabinet member.

Natural Born Citizen

A person who is a citizen of the United States from birth.

Secretary of State

The head of the Department of State, primarily responsible for foreign policy.

Secretary of the Treasury

The head of the Department of the Treasury, responsible for economic policy and financial matters.

Secretary of Defense

The head of the Department of Defense, in charge of military policies and operations.

Department of Justice

The department responsible for enforcing the law and administering justice.

Department of Homeland Security

A department created to protect the United States from various threats including terrorism.

Impeachment

A process by which a sitting President or other federal officials can be removed from office.

Executive Orders

Directives issued by the President to manage the operations of the federal government.

Clemency

An act of mercy or leniency granted by the President.

Budget

An official estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time.

Federal Agencies

Governmental organizations responsible for specific functions within the federal government.

Federal Commissions

Independent regulatory agencies that implement laws and regulations.