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AP GOV Unit 3
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Government
federalism
Government Powers
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39 Terms
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Tenth Amendment
-__________in Bill of Rights, grants all powers not specifically reserved for natl govt to states, often cited in arguments for states rights.
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Supremacy clause
-________in Article VI, asserts authority of Natl govt over states (supreme law of the land)
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Debate
________ arises over which level has authority (court system determines whether a state or fed.
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propose amendments
Powers shared- make & enforce laws, collect taxes, maintain courts, allocate $ for public needs, ________.
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Federalism
________ was the compromise between the Federalists and Anti- Federalists at the Constitutional Convention.
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-Policies can be made separately (Ex
family & social issues usually addressed by state laws)
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-Policies discussed @ both levels (Ex
issues of economy, environment & equality)
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Decentralized Government
fed system encourages ______
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opportunities for political participation, public involvement, access, state decisions, parties function on 2 levels, elaborate communication
What does a decentralized government offer
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Family and social
What policies are generally addressed by state law?
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Economic, environment, and equality
What policies are generally addressed by both federal and state?
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Court System
______ determines whether state or federal law is constitutional
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Mint, economy: foreign and interstate, declare war, manage nat'l military, direct foreign relations
Powers reserved for fed gov
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create local level of gov, regulate intrastate trade, hold elections, ratify amendments, conduct social policymaking
Powers reserved for state gov
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make & enforce laws, collect tax, maintain court, allocate $ for public need, propose amendments
Powers shared
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Enumerate Powers
_______ (Article 1 Sec 8) powers granted to nat'l gov and specifically congress
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Implied powers
(established by McCulloch v Maryland) reinforces supremacy of nat'l gov. and elastic clause
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Necessary and Proper clause
(Art 1 Sec 8) gives congress authority to pass any laws necessary to carry out duties enumerated in const.
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Gibbons v Ogden
expanded congressional power to regulate commerce
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Full faith and Credit Clause
(Article IV Sec 1) requires ea. state to formally recognize judgements of other states courts
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Extradition
(Art IV sec 2) requires return of fugitive criminals arrested in 1 state in which crime was committed
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Privileges & Immunities Clause
(Art IV sec 2) all citizens treated equally when traveling state to state
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Dual federalism
most governmental responsibilities dont overlap
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Cooperative federalism
shared costs (states receive aid) fed guideline (get funding by follow fed program)
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Fisical federalism
system of redistributing fed $ to states by cat and block grant
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1/4 of state spending
How much does state spending use federal aid?
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Unicameral
Under the First constitution: The Articles of Confederation, USA's congress was _______
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James Madison
Principle architect of constitution
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3/5 Compromise
provided a formula by which slaves would be counted for apportioning House of Reps
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Bill of Attainder
Any law passed by legislature that punished individual without trial violates ______
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John Locke
Idea of limiting gov to protect "Life, liberty and property" is generally attributed to ______
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promote economic interest of those at Constitutional Convention
Granting supremacy to nat'l gov was done in part to _________
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Ex Post Facto Law
law that retroactively changes the legal consequences of actions that were committed, or relationships that existed, before the enactment of the law
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Connecticut Compromise
plan proposed (at Const. Convention) that called for bicameral legislature-1 proportional to state population-and one all equal
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Judicial Review
Established by Marbury v Madison (1803)
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decisive and require board consensus
Policymaking process is __________ with its system of checks and balances and separation of powers
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Shay's Rebellion
convinced many founders of the necessity of a gov with a centralized power of military
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Article of Confederation
states possessed nearly all power
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Constitution
nat'l gov is superior to states
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