History Regents

What is Federalism?

division of power between national and state government

What is Separation of Powers

each branch of government has a different function—legislative makes laws, executive enforces, judicial interprets

What is Checks and Balances?

each branch checks the power of the others to prevent dominance

What is the Elastic Clause?

congress can make laws "necessary and proper”

What is Limited Government?

government has only powers granted by the people

What does the 1st Amendment protect?

freedom of religion, speech, press, petition, assembly

What does the 4th Amendment protect against?

unreasonable searches and seizures

What did the 13th Amendment do?

abolish slavery

What did the 14th Amendment guarantee?

equal protection under the law

What did the 19th Amendment grant?

women’s suffrage

What did the 26th Amendment do?

lowered the voting age to 18

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

established judicial review

Plessy v. Ferguson

legalized segregation—”separate but equal”

Brown v. board of Ed

Ended segregation in schools

Miranda v. Arizona

required Miranda Rights to be read to the accused

Roe v. Wade

Legalized abortion under privacy rights

What was Common Sense?

a pamphlet by Thomas Paine promoting independence

What was the Declaration of Sentiments

a women’s rights declaration from the Seneca Falls Convention

What was the Monroe Doctrine

warned Europe not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere

Who were key figures in the Abolitionist Movement?

Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, William Lloyd Garrison.

What did the Temperance Movement fight for?

banning alcohol

What did the Progressive Movement target?

government and business corruption

What did the Civil Rights Movement achieve?

civil rights act of 1964 and voting rights act of 1965

What was the Big Stick policy?

Teddy Roosevelt’s approach to Latin America—negotiate peacefully but back with force

What was the Truman Doctrine?

U.S policy to contain communism

What event started the Vietnam War for the U.S

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)

What did the Homestead Act (1862) do?

gave settlers land in the west

What did the Civil Rights ACt of 1964 do?

banned segregation and discrimination in public places and employment

What did the War Powers Act (1973) do?

limited the president’s power to deploy troops without Congressional approval

What caused the Revolutionary War?

taxation without representation, British policies

What was the result of the Civil War

union preserved and slavery abolished

What was the purpose of WWII for the U.S

defeat fascism; ended with the use of atomic bombs

What was the goal of the New Deal?

address the Great Depression with programs like Social Security and FDIC

What was Reaganomics?

economic policy of tax cuts and reduced government spending