Baboons

Baboons

Old world monkey

Model for human evolution

Succeed in the savanna

Omnivorous

Complex social organizations

Cercopithecines

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Morphological characteristics

Cheek pouches

Behavioural characteristics

Diet and social system varies

Both arboreal and terrestrial

Female philopatry

Mandrills

Forest baboons (not actual)

Not well known

Fruit motivated omnivores

Female horeds with male

Male solitary

Higher testosterone = brighter colour

Drills

Forest baboon (not actual)

Really not well known

Fruit motivated omnivore

MM-MF or OMU or multi tiered super groups

Theropithecus Gelada

Ethiopia

Grass eater

Female philopatric

Multi tier OMU

Savannah Baboon social organization

Stable troops >10 females, >5 males

Large, diurnal terrestrial quadruped

Best studied primate

Generalist diet

Female philopatry

Female breed in natal group while males disperse

Importance of kin

Females form kin clusters, spatial association, grooming

Tend to help other kin out (kin selection)

Are often with kin who they are closes to daily

Youngest ascendancy

Youngest daughter will be ranked just below their mother, but above their older sisters

Have a higher chance or reproduction

Ranking between families

Stable ranks

Agonistic interaction

Assert dominance by fighting

Coalitionary Support

Look for kin to support during fights

Consortships

One female, one male

Go away for a few hours to mate

Dominante males tends to take over during peak fertility

Friendships

Females have 1-2 male friends

Males have 0-8 female friends

Friendship benefits for females

More resources, avoiding infanticide, protection for male, baby sitting from male

Friendship benefits for males

Paternity, agonistic buffer (avoid fighting by holding a baby)

Male male relationships

Rank predicts reproductive success

About size and strength, new immigrants are usually placed higher

Coalitions

Temporary working together

Alliance

Longer term working together

Hamdryas baboons

Omnivores

Very arid habitat

Neither sex philopatric but some males stay in natal clan

Females social mostly with male units (not other females)