test 2 review

squamous cells are for

diffusion and filtration

cuboidal cells are for

secretion and absorption

columnar cells are for

absorbtion and transportation

cuboidal cells are found in

the kidneys and the ovaries

columnar cells are found in

the digestive tract and the uterus

pseudo stratified ciliated cells are found in

the respiratory tract

merocrine glands produce

watery substances (hint: mermaid)

apocrine glands produce

waxy substances (hint: armpit)

holocrine glands produce

oily substances

The intercellular substance of Connective Tissue provides

shock absorption and protection to the body

Fibroblasts

cells in tissue that deal with healing and wound repair

The dermis contains

blood vessels, glands, hair follicles and sensory receptors

keratinization

the process of living skin cells dying by infusing with keratin. creates the epidermis.

Langerhan cells

immune cells

Merkel cells

touch (sensory) receptive cells

Papillary dermis

thin, outermost layer of dermis.  houses sensory receptors for touch, pain and temperature.

Reticular dermis

thick, bottom layer of dermis. houses hair follicles, glands, and nerves.

dermal papillae 

small finger like projections of the papillary dermis that increase surface area, signal hair growth and create finger prints

osteocyte

a mature bone cell (osteoblast) that resides in a lacuna

osteoclast

a bone cell that destroys bone. increases calcium in the body (resorption)

osteon

the functional unit of bone

osteoid

non-living bone matrix

appositional bone growth increases growth within the

concentric lamella

intramembranous ossification

the making of bone directly from mesenchymal cells.

the human body has ____ bones

206

the human body has ____ vertebrae

33

sutures, teeth (gomphosis) and syndesmosis are classified as _____ joints

fibrous

fibrous joints have 

no movement

teeth are held in place by a

gomphosis (fibrous) joint

sycondrosis 

temporary joints made with hyaline cartilage (ex; epiphyseal growth plates)

symphysis

a permanent joint held by fibrocartilage (ex; pubic symphysis, vertebral disks)

sycondrosis and symphysis are ____ joints

cartilaginous

plane joint

hinge joint

ball and socket joint

hinge joint

pivot joint

condyloid joint

pivot joint can be found

in our head (c1 c2 vertebrae) giving us the ability to move our head around

hinge joint can be found

in our elbow

saddle joint can be found

connecting our carpals to our metacarpals

ball and socket joint can be found

in our hip

condyloid joint can be found

between the radius and carpals

plane joint can be found

between tarsal bones

meniscus. a fibrocartilage pad found in the knee joint. reduces shock and stabilizes joint. AVASCULAR

bursae

small, fluid-filled sacs lined by synovial membrane. reduces friction

vitamin d is also known as

Calcitriol

synovial fluid 

fluid produced within synovial joints.

synovial membrane

Inner lining of the joint capsule that encloses the joint cavity. rich in blood vessels

ligaments

connect bone to bone

tendons

connect muscle to bone

arthritis

the inflammation and degeneration of joints.

The MCL resides

medially to the body. Inner ligament of knee. connects the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial epicondyle of the tibia.

The LCL resides

laterally to the body. outer ligament of the knee. connects the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the lateral epicondyle of the tibia

ACL

originates in the anterior intercondylar fossa of the tibia and connects at the femoral notch. keeps tibia from sliding forward.

PCL

originates in the posterior intercondylar fossa of the tibia and connects at the medial femoral condyle. keeps tibia from sliding back.

Glenohumeral joint

acromioclavicular joint

sternoclavicular joint

scapulothoracic joint

supraspinatus RC

initiates abduction (move away from body)

intraspinatus RC

initiates lateral rotation

teres minor RC

external rotation, assists in abduction

subscapularis RC

medial rotation