English II Honors - Fall Final Study Guide - McCranie

progeny

a descendant or the descendants of a person, animal, or plant; offspring

capacious

having a lot of space inside; roomy

ardent

enthusiastic or passionate

harrowing

distressing

rankling

causes annoyance or resentment that persists; annoy, irritate

penury

extreme poverty; destitution

fetter

a restraint on someone's freedom to do something, typically considered unfair or overly restrictive

vacillating

alternate or waver between different opinions or actions; indecisive

salubrious

health-giving; healthy

ignominious

deserving or causing public disgrace or shame

obdurate

stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action

perdition

a state of eternal punishment and damnation into which a sinful and impenitent person passes after death

inexorable

impossible to stop or prevent

slaked

quench or satisty

inclemency

being unpleasantly cold or wet

purloined

stolen

abhorrent

inspiring disgust and loathing; repugnant

wantonly

in a deliberate and unprovoked way

sanguinary

involving or causing much bloodshed

languid

displaying or having a disinclination for physical exertion or evvort; slow and relaxed

sophisms

a fallacious argument, especially one used deliberately to decieve

interment

the burial of a corpse in a grave or tomb, typically with funeral rites

imperious

assuming power or authority withoug justification; arrogant and domineering

diabolical

characteristic of the Devil, disgracefully bad or unpleasant

conflagration

an extensive fire which destroys a great deal of land or property

What is the Exposition of Frankenstein

Walton's story (Letters) and the beginning of Frankenstein's life

What is the Rising Action of Frankenstein

Frankenstein's quest to make his creature and the events leading up to the wedding night

What is the Climax of Frankenstein

When the Creature kills Elizabeth on her wedding night

What is the Falling Action of Frankenstein

Frankenstein chasing his Creature everywhere, eventually leading to the arctic, where Frankenstein met Walton

What is the Resolution of Frankenstein

When the Creature finds Frankenstein's body and starts to cry and then wanders off into the arctic to die

When narrating, what point of view is used for Walton

1st person epistolary/letter narration

When narrating, what tone is observed in Walton

optimistic, naïve, romantic, searching for peer

What are some repeating elements observed in Walton's narration

drive for discovery, adventure, loneliness, love of science

Who is Walton's sister (dont ask me why she wants us to know this)

Margaret

When narrating, what point of view is used for Dr. Frankenstein

1st person dramatic monologue, subjective, flashback

When narrating, what tone is observed in Dr. Frankenstein

scientific, depressed, hysterical, filled with warning, forboding

What are some repeating elements observed in Dr. Frankenstein's narration

apostrophe, images of nature, self-absorbed, guilt, regret

What is apostrophe

an exclamatory passage in a story addressed to a person that is dead or absent or to the reader

When narrating, what point of view is used for the Creature

1st person dramatic monologue, subjective, flashback

When narrating, what tone is observed in the Creature

romantic, angry, vengeful, vulnerable, rejected

What are some repeating elements observed in the Creature's narration

formal, archaic language, allusions to bible, paradise lost, images of nature, isolation

When narrating, what point of view is used for Elizabeth

1st person epistolary/letter narration

When narrating, what point of view is used for Alphonse Frankenstein

1st person epistolary/letter narration

The eight-foot-tall, hideously ugly creation of Victor Frankenstein. Intelligent and sensitive, attempts to integrate himself into human social patterns, but all who see him shun him. His feeling of abandonment compels him to seek revenge against his creator

the Creature

The doomed protagonist and narrator of the main portion of the story. Studying in Ingolstadt, he discovers the secret of life and creates an intelligent but grotesque monster, from whom he recoils in horror. He keeps his creation of the monster a secret, feeling increasingly guilty and ashamed as he realizes how helpless he is to prevent the monster from ruining his life and the lives of others

Victor Frankenstein

The Arctic seafarer whose letters open and close Frankenstein. Picks the bedraggled Victor Frankenstein up off the ice, helps nurse him back to health, and hears Victor's story. He records the incredible tale in a series of letters addressed to his sister, Margaret Saville, in England

Robert Walton

Victor's childhood friend, who nurses Victor back to health in Ingolstadt. After working unhappily for his father, he begins to follow in Victor's footsteps as a scientist. His cheerfulness counters Victor's moroseness

Henry Clerval

An orphan, four to five years younger than Victor, whom the Frankensteins adopt. Victor's mother rescues Elizabeth from a destitute peasant cottage in Italy. Elizabeth embodies the novel's motif of passive women, as she waits patiently for Victor's attention

Elizabeth Lavenza

Victor's father, very sympathetic toward his son. He consoles Victor in moments of pain and encourages him to remember the importance of family

Alphonse Frankenstein

Victor's youngest brother and the darling of the Frankenstein family. The monster strangles him in the woods outside Geneva in order to hurt Victor for abandoning him. His death deeply saddens Victor and burdens him with tremendous guilt about having created the monster

William Frankenstein

A young girl adopted into the Frankenstein household while Victor is growing up. She is blamed and executed for William's murder, which is actually committed by the monster

Justine Mortiz

The professor of chemistry who sparks Victor's interest in science. He dismisses the alchemists' conclusions as unfounded but sympathizes with Victor's interest in a science that can explain the "big questions," such as the origin of life

M. Waldman

A professor of natural philosophy at Ingolstadt. He dismisses Victor's study of the alchemists as wasted time and encourages him to begin his studies anew

M. Krempe

What are the themes of Frankenstein

isolation, difiance of natural laws, responsibility of the creator, nature vs nurture, the danger of knowlege, companionship, dangers of ambition, justice, making of monsters

What are some symbols used in Frankenstein

fire, light, the oak tree stump, lightning

What is some important imagery in Frankenstein

nature

What are some motifs in Frankenstein

fire, knowledge, nature

Allusions of Adam and Eve that parallel to Frankenstein

Eve was created for Adam and she was his responsibility (frankenstein's responsibility to monster), ate from tree of knowledge (danger of knowledge), Adam and Eve are sent into exile (monster exiled and dragged Frankenstein with him)

Allusions to Paradise Lost that parallel to Frankenstein

creature relates to lucifer's situation (falling from grace)

Allusions to Prometheus that parallel to Frankenstein

BOTH brought something new to the world, defying a higher power, which brings punishment and suffering. BOTH created people for noble reasons, but turned sideways

Allusions to Rime of the Ancient Mariner that parallel to Frankenstein

confession to another person in the form of a story, both had others around them suffer because of their actions, beginning and end setting of Frankenstein same as the setting from most of Rime

Elements of Romanticism

supernatural, respect for nature, individualism, extreme emotion, devotion to beauty, imagination, travel, fascination with the past/legends, freedom, natural goodness

Elements of Gothic Literature

grotesque, melancholy, supernatural, isolation, chance meetings, mysterious, flat characters, sense of indefiniteness, life after death (life out of death, death in life)

Satire

a piece of writing whose purpose is to ridicule flaws in order to bring about change

Mockery

To mock, ridicule, or make fun of someone or something

Overstatement

To intentionally say more than you mean to say; to exaggerate (usually sarcastically) in order to make a point. Caricature is a type of overstatement

Understatement

To intentionally say less than you mean, in order to make a point

Parody

Mockery of a specific, known person, literary work, event. Only works if the audience is aware of the original

Grotesque

Creating a tension between laughter and horror or revulsion; the essence of "black humor"

Mock Heroic

Imitates, yet exaggerates and distorts the literary epic and its style. Most often used poetic form in the Age of Reason (Swift's era)

Reversal

an author subverts a situation to present an inversion of how things really are back to the reader

Ethos

An appeal to ethics. A way of convincing an audience of an argument by building credibility

Pathos

An appeal to emotions. A way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response

Logos

an appeal to logic. A way of convincing an audience of an argument through logic and reasoning

Ad hominem

when instead of addressing someone's argument or position, you irrelevantly attack the person or some aspect of the person who is making the argument

False Dilemma

when you reason from an either-or position and you have not considered all relevant possibilities

Straw Man

having the impression of refuting an argument, whereas the real subject of the argument was not addressed or refuted, but instead replaced with a false one

Bandwagon

an incorrect argument that is seen as good because it adheres to popular beliefs

Slippery Slope

a relatively small first step leads to a chain of related events culminating in some significant effect

Tu quoque

intends to discredit the opponent's argument by attacking the opponent's own personal behavior and actions as being inconsistent with their argument

Appeal to Authority

a form of argument in which the opinion of an authority on a topic is used as evidence to support an argument

Hasty Generalization

a fallacious generalization that is usually false due to insufficient sample size

Circular Reasoning

a logical fallacy in which the reasoner begins with what they are trying to end with. the components of circular argument are often logically valid because if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true

Red Herring

an argument or subject that is introduced to different attention from the real issue or problems

Post hoc ergo propter hoc

means "after this, therefore because of this" a logical fallacy that occurs when someone assumes that one event must have caused a later event simply because it happened before the other

Appeal to Ignorance

when you argue that your conclusion must be true because there is no evidence against it

Dying Metaphors

similes and metaphors that have lost all evocative power (clichés)

Operators/Verbal False Limbs

using passive voice and making simple verbs into sentences

Pretentious Diction

used to dress up simple statements, give a scientific air, and make the statement hard to understand

Meaningless Words

words that have no actual definitions and can be used with different intents. words like "society", "unity", "prosperity", "diversity", etc.

Euphemism

an indirect expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing

Plot

What happens in a story

Conflict

the problem in the story (conflict vs. self, conflict with others, conflict with nature, conflict with society)

Tone

the attitude or feelings of the speaker to a particular subject

Setting

the location in which the story takes place

Symbolism

a literary device that uses different types of symbols in order to represent something beyond the literal meaning

Characterization

A literary device used in literature in order to highlight and explain the details about a character in a story

Flat Characters

usually characters with little or no characteristics, personality, or motivations. they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change much throughout the story

Round Characters

interesting, deep, and layered. Round characters are complex and undergo different changes

Static Characters

characters who stay the same, or do not change a lot throughout the story