Radiographic Imaging Mod 4

studied byStudied by 102 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

_______________ is the positive side of the x-ray tube, serves as a target surface for electrons from the filament and conducts high voltage from the cathode back to the generator

1 / 60

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

61 Terms

1

_______________ is the positive side of the x-ray tube, serves as a target surface for electrons from the filament and conducts high voltage from the cathode back to the generator

anode

New cards
2

_______________ is the reduction in the number of x-ray photons as the beam passes through matter

attenuation

New cards
3

_______________ is the number of nuclear protons in an atom unique to each element

atomic number

New cards
4

_______________ is the amount of energy needed to remove the electron from the atom

binding energy

New cards
5

_______________ is the negative side of the x-ray tube, produces electrons to accelerate to the anode

cathode

New cards
6

_______________ is the weighted average atomic number for the different elements of a material

effective atomic number

New cards
7

_______________ is the small coil of thin tungsten wire

filament

New cards
8

_______________ is an unintended optical density on an image that reduces contrast due to light/chemical exposure

fog

New cards
9

_______________ is the number of waves that passes a particular point in a given time frame

frequency

New cards
10

_______________ is the initial photon from the primary beam

incident photon

New cards
11

_______________ is the initial electron from the cathode

incident electron

New cards
12

_______________ is an atom that has gained or lost an electron

ion

New cards
13

_______________ is a small bundle of energy (electromagnetic energy) aka quantum

photon

New cards
14

_______________ is an artifact caused by unintentional exposure to radiation

radiation fog

New cards
15

_______________ is x-rays scattered back in the opposite or right angle direction to the primary beam

scatter radiation

New cards
16

_______________ is penetrating, ionizing electromagnetic energy

x-ray

New cards
17

_______________ is made between anode and cathode's electrons, so it is why the electrons move across the x-ray tube at _______________ speed

potential difference, 1/2 the speed of light

New cards
18

99% of photon production is _______________ and 1% is _______________ and _______________

infrared, characteristic and bremstrallung

New cards
19

_______________ shows photon emissions at their energies, majority of photons are at _______________ of set kV

emission spectrum, 1/3

New cards
20

_______________ when incident photon travels through patient w/o hitting anything - creates black spots on radiograph. What makes our pictures. It has no charge, no ionization

transmission

New cards
21

more transmission happens when _______ atomic parts, ________ kVp (travels straighter), and _______ parts

low, high, thin

New cards
22

less transmission happens when _________ atomic number, ________ kVp, and _________ parts

high, low, thick

New cards
23

transmission is dependent on /

kV, energy

New cards
24

_______________ gets absorbed by either knocking out electron or trying to knock out electron. Mainly happens with ____-shell electrons. Loses all its energy knocking out electron.

photo-electric effect, k

New cards
25

a _______________ is a bundle of energy, so it doesn't exist anymore when hitting k-shell electron in PE effect. The energy is transferred to the electron that was knocked out, so photon can't make it to film and this creates _______________ spots on radiograph

photon, white

New cards
26

_______________ _______________ in photo-electric effect lose all their energy or it's scatter

incident photons

New cards
27

more photo electric = _________ kV, _________ parts, and ________ atomic number

less, thicker, higher

New cards
28

less photo electric = ________ kV, ________ parts, _________ atomic number

more, thinner, lower

New cards
29

for PE it is the incoming photon _____ shell binding energy = ______________

minus, electron lost's energy

New cards
30

_______________ is when patient's make radiation/photons from the empty shell that is filled after losing it's. electron. (Characteristic radiation made inside what we radiate)

secondary radiation

New cards
31

classical scatter or coherent is not _______________ or doesn't make atom lose electron. It is considered this because it only happens at ______ keV or less. (Does not get through)

ionizing, 10

New cards
32

secondary radiation undergoes another PE affect with in _______________ of patient tissue

1-2 cm

New cards
33

_______________ goes in any direction

scatter

New cards
34

in classical or coherent scatter, either the electron in a shell is jiggled and releases the same amount of energy to return to equilibrium which is _______________ or the whole atom is jiggled by incident photon and releases same amount of energy to return to equilibrium which is _______________ (the energy released from both is a different photon than the incident photon)

thompson, rayleigh

New cards
35

_______________ radiation is from the tube

primary

New cards
36

_______________ is caused by incident photon's energy not being fully absorbed or trasferred. -why we wear lead shielding -same photon from x-ray tube

compton scatter

New cards
37

_______________ is the number one occupational dose source

compton scatter

New cards
38

in _______________, the majority of the time is happening on outershell electrons due to _______________

compton scattering, low binding energies

New cards
39

_______________ is caused by forward scatter which lowers contrast, or ruins white areas

radiation fog

New cards
40

_______________ happens after vacant electrons get filled

secondary radiation

New cards
41

more scatter and less contrast happens when.... _______ matter ________ part density _________ field size _______ kV

more, more, more, more

New cards
42

scatter _______________ contrast

decreases

New cards
43

scatter can also be called _______________

noise

New cards
44

does atomic number affect scatter?

no, but part density does

New cards
45

thicker/bigger patient = _______________ scatter (comptom)

more

New cards
46

secondary radiation travels _____________ than undergoes ____________

1-2 cm, Photoelectric effect

New cards
47

_______________ scatter happens when incident photon loses less energy, _______________ scatter happens when incident photon loses half it's energy, _______________ scatter happens when incident photon loses more energy

forward, side, back

New cards
48

_______________ scatter is what tech is most worried about for occupational dose

side

New cards
49

_______________ absorption is based off of object/part thickness, compositon

differential

New cards
50

_______________ is the average of atomic number's of the elements something is made out of

effective atomic number

New cards
51

_______________ effective atomic number is 6.46 _______________ effective atomic number is 7.51 _______________ effective atomic number is 7.64 _______________ effective atomic number is 7.78 _______________ effective atomic number 12.31

fat, water, muscle, air, bone

New cards
52

why does air look different in radiographs than water and muscle whose effective atomic number are about the same?

it is in a different state (gaseous)

New cards
53

osteolytic = ________ transmission or go ________ in technique. Less PE

more, down

New cards
54

osteoblastic and edema = __________ photoelectric effect or go _____ in technique. Absorption = _____ Less transmission

more, up, more

New cards
55

___________ kV = more compton scatter

higher

New cards
56

Differential absorption

Different degrees of absorption in different tissues that results in image contrast and formation of the x-ray image (thick v.s thin tissue)

New cards
57

In compton scatter _______ have energy left over after knocking out ____ _____

photons, outer shells

New cards
58

Back scatter has ______ energy left

less

New cards
59

Side scatter has _____ energy left

half

New cards
60

Forward scatter has _____ energy left

majority

New cards
61

Compton scatter ________ patient dose, _______ bystander dose, and _______ image quality

increases, increases, reduces

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 18 people
... ago
4.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 34 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 57 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 22 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1975 people
... ago
4.7(11)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (93)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (115)
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (22)
studied byStudied by 17 people
... ago
5.0(3)
flashcards Flashcard (75)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (29)
studied byStudied by 27 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (40)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (134)
studied byStudied by 2615 people
... ago
4.0(26)
robot