Unit 5 Full Review Ap psychology 2025
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42 Terms
Q: What is problem-focused coping?
Trying to solve the problem causing the stress.
Q: What is emotion-focused coping
Managing emotional responses to stress (e.g., breathing, meditation).
Q: What is the tend-and-befriend theory?
A stress response where people seek care and social connection, often seen in women.
Q: How is stress related to health?
It can cause or worsen diseases like hypertension and weaken the immune system.
Q: What is eustress vs. distress?
Eustress is motivating stress; distress is harmful stress.
Q: What are ACEs?
Adverse Childhood Experiences; early stressors with lifelong effects.
Q: What is the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?
The 3-stage stress response: alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
Q: What is the goal of positive psychology?
To study well-being, resilience, and positive emotions.
Q: How does gratitude affect well-being?
It increases happiness and subjective well-being.
Q: What are the 6 virtue categories in positive psychology?
Wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, transcendence.
Q: What is posttraumatic growth?
Positive psychological change after trauma or stress.
Q: What is the biological perspective on mental disorders?
Disorders are caused by genetics or brain issues.
Q: What is the evolutionary perspective on mental disorders?
Disorders come from traits that once helped survival.
Q: What is the cognitive perspective?
Disorders result from negative thoughts or beliefs.
Q: What is the humanistic perspective?
Disorders are caused by lack of support or unmet potential.
Q: What is the psychodynamic perspective?
Disorders stem from unconscious conflicts, often from childhood.
Q: What is the behavioral perspective?
Disorders are learned maladaptive behaviors.
Q: What is the sociocultural perspective?
Disorders arise from harmful social/cultural dynamics.
Q: What is the biopsychosocial model?
Disorders are caused by a mix of biological, psychological, and social factors.
Q: What is the DSM?
The American manual for diagnosing mental disorders.
Q: What is the ICD?
The World Health Organization’s system for classifying mental disorders.
Q: What is the diathesis-stress model?
Disorders develop from a genetic risk plus life stress.
Q: What is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Constant, uncontrollable worry for at least 6 months.
Q: What is panic disorder?
Sudden intense fear with physical symptoms like a racing heart.
Q: What is agoraphobia?
Fear of being in situations where escape might be hard.
Q: What is a specific phobia?
Intense fear of a specific object or situation.
Q: What is social anxiety disorder?
Fear of being judged or embarrassed in social settings.
Q: What is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Repeated unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and actions (compulsions).
Q: What is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Lasting stress symptoms after trauma, like flashbacks or nightmares.
Q: What is acute stress disorder?
Short-term stress symptoms right after a trauma.
Q: What is the difference between fear and anxiety?
Fear is about present danger; anxiety is about future threats.
Q: What is classical conditioning’s role in anxiety
It can link neutral things with fear through experience.
Q: How does reinforcement affect anxiety?
Avoiding feared things can make anxiety stronger over time.
Q: What is major depressive disorder (MDD)?
Intense sadness, loss of interest, and low energy lasting 2+ weeks.
Q: What is bipolar disorder?
Mood swings between depression and mania.
Q: What is mania?
A high-energy, overly excited, or impulsive mood.
Q: What is dysthymia (persistent depressive disorder)?
Chronic, less intense depression for 2+ years.
Q: What is seasonal affective disorder (SAD)?
Depression during certain seasons, often winter.
Q: What is the learned helplessness theory?
Feeling hopeless after repeated bad events you can’t control.
Q: What is rumination?
Constantly focusing on negative thoughts or problems.
Q: How does serotonin relate to depression?
Low serotonin levels are linked to depressive symptoms.
Q: What is the cognitive triad (Beck)?
Negative thoughts about self, world, and future.