Psychopathology - Chapter 2: Cognitive-Behavioral and Humanistic-Existential Models

Flashcards covering key vocabulary from the lecture notes on Cognitive-Behavioral, Humanistic-Existential, and Sociocultural Models in Psychopathology.

Cognitive Therapy

A therapeutic approach where clients challenge dysfunctional thoughts by practicing rational self-talk, with belief and symptom alleviation coming through vigorous repetition.

Humanist Model

Emphasizes people as friendly, cooperative, and constructive, focusing on the drive to self-actualization through honest recognition of strengths and weaknesses.

Self-actualization

The drive to fulfill one's potential, achieved through honest recognition of strengths and weaknesses; it is hindered by internal distortion caused by conditions of worth.

Existentialist Model

Places emphasis on self-determination, choice, and individual responsibility, focusing on authenticity.

Person-Centered Therapy (Client-Centered Therapy)

Carl Rogers' humanistic theory and therapy, which focuses on the client's experiences rather than the therapist's expertise.

Unconditional Positive Regard (UPR)

A basic human need for receiving love and acceptance no matter what, even when one fails, misbehaves, or is hurtful.

Unconditional Self-Regard

Loving and accepting oneself even when failing or misbehaving, resulting from receiving unconditional positive regard from parents.

Conditions of Worth

Receiving love and acceptance only under certain conditions (e.g., when succeeding or behaving), resulting from not receiving unconditional positive regard from parents.

Accurate and Genuine Empathy

A therapist's ability to honestly feel what the client is feeling along with them, providing the client with unconditional positive regard.

Reflective Listening

A therapeutic technique used by a therapist to communicate empathy to the client, helping them feel unconditional positive regard.

I-Thou Relationship

The client-therapist relationship, emphasized by existentialists, viewed as the primary source of healing and growth in therapy.

Sociocultural Perspectives

A view that abnormal behavior is best understood in light of broad forces like societal norms and roles, encompassing the family-social and multicultural perspectives.

Family-Social Perspective

A sociocultural perspective that concentrates on forces directly operating on an individual, including social labels, social connections, and family structure.

Family Systems Theory

Observes each family as a system where the whole relies on each part to fill a specific role, often explaining resistance to change.

Enmeshed Family System

A type of dysfunctional family system where everyone is too emotionally close.

Disengaged Family System

A type of dysfunctional family system where everyone is too cold and emotionally distant.

Multicultural Perspective

A sociocultural perspective where counselors seek to understand how culture, race, ethnicity, gender, and similar factors affect behavior and thought, and how people of different backgrounds differ psychologically.

Intersectional Approach

An approach to understanding individual experiences that acknowledges belonging to more than one group and how varied identities combine in unique ways to influence experiences.