Allied Prefixes and Suffixes

a-, an-

without, not

anti-

against

contra-

against

de-

down, removal

dys-

bad, painful, abnormal

in-

not

un-

not

pseudo-

false

ante-

before

post-

after

pre-

before

retro-

backward

primi-

first

neo-

new

endo-

within

epi-

upon, on

eso-

inward

exo-

outside

extra-

outside

inter-

between

intra-

within

peri-

around

sub-

under

supra-

above

trans-

across, through

macro-

large

micro-

small

hyper-

excessive

hypo-

deficient

ultra-

beyond

pan-

all

nulli-

none

brady-

slow

tachy-

fast

bi-

two

hemi-

half

mono-

one

multi-

many

poly-

many

quadri-

four

semi-

half

tetra-

four

tri-

three

auto-

self

hetero-

different

homo-

same

hydro-

water

myo-

muscle

para-

beside, abnormal

per-

through

pro-

before, forward

-algia

pain

-dynia

pain

-ia

condition

-iasis

abnormal condition

-ism

condition, process

-itis

inflammation

-osis

abnormal condition

-pathy

disease

-phobia

fear

-sclerosis

hardening

-stenosis

narrowing

-cele

hernia, swelling

-cyte

cell

-ectasis

dilation, expansion

-gen

producing

-genesis

formation, origin

-genic

producing

-lysis

breakdown, destruction

-lytic

breaking down

-malacia

softening

-megaly

enlargement

-oid

resembling

-oma

tumor, mass

-plasia

formation, growth

-plasm

formative material of cells

-ptosis

drooping, falling

-trophy

nourishment, development

-rrhage

excessive bleeding

-rrhagia

bleeding

-rrhea

flow, discharge

-rrhexis

rupture

-iatry

medical treatment

-therapy

treatment

-centesis

surgical puncture

-ectomy

surgical removal

-ostomy

surgical opening

-otomy

surgical incision

-pexy

surgical fixation

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhaphy

surgical suturing

-logist

specialist

-logy

study of

-gram

record or image

-graph

instrument used to record

-graphy

process of recording

-meter

measuring instrument

-metry

process of measuring

-scope

viewing instrument

-scopy

process of visual examination