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HIV & STIs, Neuro, GI, Peds
Alginic acid
Reacts w/Na bicarb and saliva to form viscous solution (GERD)
Na bicarbonate
Calcium carbonate
Aluminum hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide
Mag hydroxide + aluminum hydroxide
Antacid (GERD)
Neutralize acid directly in stomach
Cimetidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine
H2RAs (GERD)
Decrease acid secretion by blocking H2 receptors on parietal cells
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole
Omeprazole
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole
PPIs (GERD)
Irreversible inhibitor of proton pump, forms sulfate bond w/pump
Ocreotide
Somatostatin analog, blocks gastrin release (GERD)
Colloidal bismuth
Sucralfate
Misoprostol
Mucosal protectants (GERD)
Scopolamine
Antimuscularinic (anti-emetics)
Dimenhydrinate
Meclizine
Hydroxyzine
Diphenhydramine
Glycopyrolate
Hyoscyamine
Anti-emetics
Odansetron
Dolasetron
Granisetron
Anti-serotienrgic (anti-emetics)
5-HT receptor antagonist both CNS and peripheral
Metoclopramide
Phenothiazines
Anti-dopaminergic (anti-emetics)
D2 receptor antagonist in CT2
Dronabinol
Nabilone
Cannabinoids (anti-emetics)
Activate CB1 receptors, central action on vomiting center
Aprepitant
Substance P antagonist (anti-emetic)
Antagonist at NK1 substance P receptor
Metaclopramide
Erythromycin
Prokinetic drugs (anti-emetics)
Psyllium
Methylcellulose
Bulk-forming agents (laxatives)
Increase bulk and water content of stool, increased motility, increased volume, augments peristalsis
Mineral oil
Glycerin
Docusate sodium
Stool softeners (laxativeS)
Emulsified w/stool and increased water content and lubricant
Castor oil
Senna
Bisacodyl
Stimulants/irritants (laxatives)
Increased motility
Magnesium sulfate
Magnesium hydroxide
Lactulose
Mannitol
Sodium phosphate
Polyethylene glycol
Osmotic agents (laxatives)
Increased water content/motility
Bismuth subsalicylate
Anti-diarrheal agent (laxatives)
Inhibits intestinal secretions
Sulfasalazine
Mesalamine
Aminosallycylates (IBD)
Reduces inflammation through inhibition of COX and lipoxygenase
Hydrocortisone
Budesonide
Prednisone
Methylprednisolone
Corticosteroids (IBD)
Anti-inflammatory effect
Thiopurines
Cyclosporine
Methotrexate
Immunosuppressants (IBD)
Decreased metabolism of purines and inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis
Infliximab
Adalimumab
Chimeric MAB against TNF-alpha to decrease immune response (IBD)
Psyllium
Methylcellulose
Calcium polycarbophil
Bulk-forming laxatives (IBS)
Absorbs water, bowel motility, relieve constipation, decrease bloating/diarrhea
Mag hydroxide
Polyethyline glycol
Magnesium citrate
Sodium phosphate
Lactulose
Sorbitol
Osmotic laxatives (IBS)
Binds water
Iubiprostone
Cl channel activator (IBS)
Amitriptyline
Imipramine
TCA (IBS)
Effects muscularinic receptors and serotonin reuptake
Tegaserod
5HT4 partial agonist, stimulates peristaltic reflex (IBS)
Loperamide
Cholestyramine
Antidiarrheals (IBS)
Decrease bowel frequency
Alosetron
5HT3 receptor antagonist (IBS)
Only for women with severe IBS-D
Hycoscyamine sulfate
Dicyclomine
Propantheline HCl
Glycopyrrolate
Clindinum/chlordiazepoxide
Hyoscyamine/scopolamine
Antisposmodic agents (IBS)
Rifaximin
Antibiotics (IBS)
Broad spectrum not systemically absorbed
Thymidine analogs (stavudine, ziobudine)
Deoxycytidine analogs (emtricitabine, lamivudine)
Deoxyguanosine analogs (abacavir)
Deoxyadenosine (didanosine, tenofovir)
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (HIV)
Prevents DNA elongation once incorporated into DNA strand
Delaviridine
Efavirenz
Neuirapine
Etavirine
Rilpivirine
Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (HIV)
Force conformational change preventing DNA production
Atazanavir
Darunavir
Fosamprenavir
Indinavir
Lopinavir
Nelfinavir
Ritonavir
Saquinavir
Tipranavir
Protease inhibitors (HIV)
Inhibit protease preventing virus from making mature proteins
Enfuviritide
Fusion inhibitors (HIV)
Inhibit HIV-1 envelope fusion
Raltegravir
Dolutegravir
Elvitegravir
Bictegravir
Cabotegravir
Integrase inhibitors (HIV)
Bind to integrase and prevent viral DNA from being incorporated into chromosomal DNA
Maraviroc
CCR5 antagonist (HIV)
Works on HIV-1 and 2, blocks human receptor
Interferon alfa
Antiviral, antiproliferative, immunomodulary effects, stimulates host immune system to mount defense (Hep B)
Iamivudine
Adefovir
Entecavir
Telbivudine
Tenofovir
Other Hep B options
Daclatasvir
Binds to NS5A, distorts structure of protein and impairs function (Hep C)
Ledipasvir/sofobuvir
Inhibit NS5A (Hep C)
Ombitasvir
NS5A inhibitor (HepC)
Ribavirin
Decreased guanosine triphosphate, increased RNA mutation, immunostimulatory (Hep C)
Simeprevir
Inhibit NS3/4A protease (Hep C)
Phenytoin
AED
Inhibits sodium channel
Carbamazepine
AED
Inhibits sodium channel
Oxcarbazepine
AED
Inhibits sodium channel
Valproic Acid
AED
Inhibits sodium channel
Inhibits calcium channel
Enhances GABA
Diazepam
Benzodiazepine (AED)
Enhances GABA
Acute seizures
Lorazepam
Benzodiazepine (AED)
Enhances GABA
IV for acute seizures
Midazolem
Benzodiazepine (AED)
Enhances GABA
Clonazepam
Benzodiazepine (AED)
Enhances GABA
Peds seizures
Clobazam
Benzodiazepine (AED)
Enhances GABA
Phenobarbital
AED
Enhances GABA
Neonatal seizures
Felbamate
AED
Enhances GABA, inhibits NMDA
Refractory seizures
Ethosuximide
AED
Inhibits Ca channels
Absence seizures
Gabapentin
AED
Enhances GABA, possible Ca interaction
Pregabalin
AED
Enhances GABA, possible Ca interaction
Lamotrigine
AED
Inhibits Na and glutamate
Lacosamide
AED
Na channels, binds CRMP-2
Selegiline
MAO-B inhibitor
Parkinson's
Reduce metabolism of dopamine
Rasagiline
MAO-B inhibitor
Parkinson's
Reduce metabolism of dopamine
Benztropine
Anticholinergic
Parkinson's
Blocks Ach in substantia nigra
Trihexyphenidyl
Anticholinergic
Parkinson's
Blocks Ach in substantia nigra
Diphenhydramine
Anticholinergic
Parkinson's
Blocks Ach in substantia nigra
Amantadine
Treats mild parkinson's
Release dopamine, anticholinergic, NMDA agonist
Bromocriptine
Dopamine agonist
Ergot derivative
Parkinson's
Pramipexole
Dopamine agonist
Non-ergot derivative
Parkinson's
Ropinirole
Dopamine agonist
Non-ergot derivative
Parkinson's
Rotigotine
Dopamine agonist
Non-ergot derivative
Parkinson's
Apormorphine
Dopamine agonist
Non-ergot derivative
Parkinson's
Levodopa
Precursor to dopamine
Parkinson's
Carbidopa
Inhibitor of peripheral L-AAD
Parkinson's
Levodopa/Carbidopa
Gold standard for parkinson's
Crosses BBB
Talcapone
COMT inhibitor
Parkinson's
Entacapone
COMT inhibitor
Parkinson's
Donepezil
Cholinesterase inhibitor
Alzheimer's
Rivastigmine
Cholinesterase inhibitor
Alzheimer's
Galantamine
Cholinesterase inhibitor
Alzheimer's
Memantine
NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist
Alzheimer's
IV methylprednisolone
Corticosteroid
MS exacerbation
Plasma exchange
Inhibits edema at area of demyelination
MS exacerbation
Avonex
Interferon B1b&1a
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Rebif
Interferon B1b&1a
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Bateseron, Extavia
Interferon B1b&1a
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Plegridy
Interferon B1b&1a
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Glatiramer acetate
T cell activator
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Natalizumab
Prevents lymphocyte from crossing BBB
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Fingolimod
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor agonist
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Teriflunomide
Reduces # of inflammatory cells in CNS
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Dimethyl fumarate
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Available PO
Alemtuzumab
Antibody against CD52 inducing cytolysis
Disease modifying therapy for MS
Muscle relaxants
Gabapentin or pregabalin
Onabotulinum toxin A
Treat spasticity in MS
Oxybutin
Solifenacin, darifenacin
Self catheterization
Treat bladder problems with MS
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
TCAs
Treat sensory issues with MS
Amantadine
Antidepressants
Modafinil/armodafinil
Amphetamines
Treat fatigue in MS
Aspirin
NSAID
Migraines
Ibuprofen
NSAID
Migraines
Naproxen
NSAID
Migraines
Excedrin
NSAID
Migraines
