unit 4 chem quiz

bent

2 bonding zones and one lone pair (120 degrees) or 2 bonding zones and 2 lone pairs (109.5), asymmetric

linear

always 180 degrees, always 2 bonding zones, 0,3, or 4 lone pairs, symmetric

trigonal planar

3 bonding zones, 0 lone pairs, 120 degrees, symmetric

tetrahedral

4 bonding zones, 0 lone pairs, 109.5 degree, symmetric

trigonal pyramidal

3 bonding zones, 1 lone pair, 109.5 degrees, asymmetric

trigonal bipyramidal

5 bonding zones, 0 lone pairs, 120 degrees in plane and 90 degrees above and below, symmetric

octahedral

6 bonding zones, 0 lone pairs, 90 degrees, symmetrical

seesaw

4 bonding zones, 1 lone pair, asymmetrical

square planar

4 bonding zones, 2 lone pairs, 90 degrees, symmetrical 

square pyramidal

5 bonding zones, 1 lone pair, 90 degrees, asymmetrical

T-shaped

3 bonding zones, 90 degrees, 3 OR 2 lone pairs, asymmetrical

hybridization

when covalent bonding requires the overlapping orbitals, named based on lone pairs and bonding zones

covalent bond

nonmetal bonded to a nonmetal

ionic bond

metal bonded to nonmetal