Honors Gov Congress

Gerrymandering

the practice of manipulating electoral district boundaries to give one political party an advantage over its rivals or to dilute the voting power of minority groups. 

17th Amendment

established the direct election of U.S. Senators by voters, instead of being chosen by state legislatures.

 Filibuster

Trying to delay a bill from passing by talking.

Gibbons v. Ogden-

established that the federal government has the supreme power to regulate interstate commerce, ensuring uniform laws across states.

Powers that the Congress has

-Makes Laws

-Declare war

-Collect taxes

-Regulate commerce

-Coin money 

-Overide a presidential veto

-Approve treaties

-Create lower federal courts

Powers the house has

• Initiates all revenue (tax) bills
  
  

• Impeaches federal officials (brings the charges)
  
  

• Chooses the President if no candidate gets a majority in the Electoral College
  
  

• Elects the Speaker of the House
  
  

• Closer to the people (2-year terms, based on population)
  
  

Powers the Senate has

• Senate
  
  

  • Holds impeachment trials and removes officials
    
    

  • Confirms presidential appointments
    
    

  • Approves treaties
    
    

  • Chooses the Vice President if no Electoral College majority
    
    

How many members does the House have?

435

How many members does Senate have?

100

McCulloch v Maryland

 ruled that Congress has implied powers, like creating a national bank, under the Necessary and Proper Clause, and that states cannot tax federal institutions because federal law is supreme. This case strengthened federal power over the states.

Trustee

Representatives use their own judgement to make decisions, even if constituents disagree.

Delegate

The views of their constituents (people they represent).

Partisan

representative votes based on their political party's platform.

Pragmatic

Representative combines trustee, delegate, and partisan models depending on the issue