Bio exam 3 protostomes (Annelida)

Phylum Annelida

segmented worms, closed circulatory system

Class Oligochaeta (Phylum Annelida)

Earthworms (few bristles)

Class Hirudinea

Leeches

Clade of some annelids

Clade clitellia

Class Polychaeta (Phylum Annelida)

marine worms (many bristles)

What is the tail region called in annelids

Pygidium

chaetae or setae

Bristles of chitin on each body segment that help anchor annelid worms during locomotion

Clitellate

clade containing earthworms and leeches

nephridia

excretory organs that filter fluid in the coelom

Annelid is the end of

Lophotrochozoan clade

stylet

A piercing organ, usually a mouthpart, in some species of invertebrates.

sexual dimorphism

Differences in physical characteristics between males and females of the same species.

mandibles

One of a pair of jaw-like feeding appendages found in myriapods, hexapods, and crustaceans.

exoskeleton

An external skeleton, as in arthropods.

tagmata

head, thorax, abdomen

prosoma

The anterior portion of the body of an arachnid, which bears all the appendages.

ecdysis

Shedding of outer, cuticular layer; molting, as in insects or crustaceans.

tracheae

tiny tubes in insect body that deliver oxygen directly to metabolizing tissues

tracheole

A small pipe that branches off the trachea in an insect and is used for gas exchange.

spiracle

External opening of a trachea in arthropods.

chelicerae

The first pair of appendages in horseshoe crabs, sea spiders, and arachnids—the chelicerates, a group of arthropods. Chelicerae usually take the form of pincers or fangs.

Clade Ecdysozoa

Ecdysis: process of molting an exoskeleton

Phylum Nematoda

- roundworms (parasitic)

Examples of nematodes

dog roundworms, horsehair worm, cabbage hair, hookworm, pinworm

Phylum Arthropoda

- jointed feet

- clade Ecdysozoa

Key Features of arthropods

- jointed appendages

- exoskeleton

- segmentation

malphigian tubules in insects

tubules that actively take up nitrogenous wastes and water from the hemolymph.

Classes of Arthropods

Chelicerata

Crustacea

Hexapoda

Myriapoda

Class Chelicerata (Phylum Arthropoda)

- most anterior appendages into pinchers/fangs

- ticks, mites

- scorpions, spiders

- horseshoe crabs

Class Crustacea (Phylum Arthropoda)

- biramous appendages, two antennae on head

- crabs, Rolly poly (isopods)

- shrimp (decapods), barnacles

- parasites

Class Myriapoda

- myriad segments and appendages (many Feet)

- centipedes (bite), millipedes

Class Hexapoda (Phylum Arthropoda)

- head, thorax, and abdomen (3 segments in thorax carry a pair of appendages)

- insects

Orders of Class Hexapoda

- Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera

Order Coleoptera (class hexapoda)

- most diverse order of animals

- beetles

Order Hemiptera (class hexapoda)

- true bugs suck (have specialized mouth parts)

- periodical cicadas

- aphids

- leafhoppers, planthoppers

- bed bugs, shield bugs

Order Diptera and Lepidoptera (class hexapoda)

- flies (Diptera)

- butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera)

Order Hymenoptera (class hexapoda)

- wasps

- bees

- ants