micro lab/lecture name the bacteria

Is rickettsias gram negative or positive?

Gram negative

shape and arrangement of rickettsias?

Coccobacillus

Unusual characteristics of rickettsias?

Obligate intracellular parasites (need to get into the whole cell)

How is rickettsias transmitted?

By ticks

Name the species of rickettsia

Rickettsia rickettsii

What condition does rickettsia rickettsii cause?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

How is rickettsia rickettsii transmitted?

By ticks

Where is rickettsia rickettsii found?

in the south eastern parts of America

What happens during the early stage of rickettsia rickettsii?

Rashes on palms and soles of feet

What happens if rickettsia rickettsii isn’t treated in the early stages?

Can cause kidney damage and lead to death

rickettsia rickettsii

Where do caulobacter live?

Aquatic environments

What is an unusual characteristic of caulobacter?

Has a stalk

What does the stalk on caulobacter do?

Attaches to algae and absorbs nutrients

Caulobacter

Why is rhizobium a beneficial bacteria?

it carries on nitrogen fixation

What do ammonium ions in rhizobium do?

they are used by the plants to make protein

Who does rhizobium indirectly benefit?

Humans and cattles

Where does rhizobium live?

Roots of plants beans and peas

What does neisseria gonorrohoeae cause?

Gonorrhea

How is neisseria gonorrohoeae transmitted?

By sexual contact

What is the shape of neisseria gonorrohoeae?

Diplococci

What stain is neisseria gonorrohoeae?

Gram negative

What does neisseria gonorrohoeae have on the pathogen?

Fimbriae to attach itself on mucus membrane

Symptoms of neisseria gonorrohoeae

Painful urination, discharge of pus

What happens when neisseria gonorrohoeae is left untreated?

Causes pelvic inflammatory disease affecting sterility

What drugs treat neisseria gonorrohoeae?

Cephalosporin, doxycycline

What is another condition caused by neisseria gonorrohoeae?

Ophthalmia neonatorum

What happens when neisseria gonorrohoeae comes in contact with your eye?

Can lead to blindness

How do you prevent neisseria gonorrohoeaein newborns?

antibiotics are placed in the eyes

The carriers of neisseria meningitidis are

Asymptomatic

How is neisseria meningitidis transmitted?

Aerosol

What can neisseria meningitidis cause?

Meningitis and throat infection

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Shape and stain of bordetella pertussis

Gram negative and coccobacillus

What can borderella pertussis cause?

Whooping cough

Where does bordetella pertussis grow?

On cilia lining of the trachea

What does the DTP vaccine have and what does it treat?

Has pertussis for bordetella pertussis

what makes thiobacillus unusual?

Is a chemoautotroph

Where does thiobacillus get its energy from?

Hydrogen sulfide

Where does thiobacillus live?

Soil

Stain and shape of thiobacillus?

Gram negative and rod shaped

What stain and shape is pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Gram negative and rod shaped

pseudomonas aeruginosa Is an

Opportunist

Who is susceptible to pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Burn victims

What is an unusual characteristic of pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Make a green blue water soluble pigment

What drugs treat pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Gentamicin, polymyxin

Shape and stain of Escherichia coli

Gram negative and bacilli

Where is Escherichia coli found?

Normal flora of the intestinal tract

Escherichia coli Is an

Opportunist

Where is strain O157:H7 found?

cattle

What can strain O157:H7 cause?

Bloody diarrhea

Shape and stain of salmonella typhi?

Gram negative rod shaped

What condition is caused by salmonella typhi?

Typhoid fever

Where does salmonella typhi live?

Human gallbladders

How is salmonella typhi transmitted?

Contaminated food or water

Drugs that treat salmonella typhi

Fluroquinilones, chloramphenicol

Symptoms of salmonella typhi

High fever, headaches, vomiting, diarrhea

Condition caused by salmonella enteritidis?

Salmonellosis

How is salmonella enteritidis transmitted?

Undercooked contaminated food

Symptoms of salmonella enteritidis

Fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea

What should you get if you have salmonella enteritidis

Fluid and electrolyte therapy

How to prevent salmonella enteritidis

Cook meat throughly

Where is salmonella enteritidis found?

Poultry and cattle

What do gram negative bacteria have?

Endotoxin lipid A

What happens when endotoxin is released into blood stream?

Septic shock

What are nosocomial infections?

Infections you get in hospitals

What do nosocomial infections cause?

Septic shock, pneumonia, urinary tract infections

stain and shape of Yersinia pestis?

Gram negative rod shaped

What is caused by Yersinia pestis?

Plague

How is Yersinia pestis transmitted to humans?

Fleas from rats

Other way besides rats, can Yersinia pestis be transmitted?

Direct contact, squirrels, chipmunks

What happens when Yersinia pestis gets in the blood stream?

Proliferates

What is buboes?

Swelling of lymph nodes

What is buboes known to cause?

Bubonic plague

treatment for Yersinia pestis?

Streptomycin and tetracycline

Mortality rate for Yersinia pestis

50%-75%

If Yersinia pestis ends up in the lungs the disease is known as

Pneumonic plague

Mortality of pneumonic plague

100%

Buboes

Shape and stain of vibrio cholerae?

Gram negative bent rod

What does vibrio cholerae have on its cell?

Single flagellum

How is vibrio cholerae transmitted?

contaminated water

Where does vibrio cholerae grow?

Intestinal tract

What does vibrio cholerae cause?

Cholera toxin

What does cholera do?

Stimulate cells in the intestine to release water and electrolytes

Symptoms of cholera

Watery and profuse diarrhea

What is the diarrhea from cholera known as?

Rice water stools

What does rice water stools contain?

Mucus, epithelia cells, bacteria

vibrio cholerae

What stain is Chromatium?

Gram negative

Where does Chromatium live?

Lakes and ponds

Why is Chromatium an unusual bacteria?

Does photosynthesis

When Chromatium photosynthesis what happens?

Does not release oxygen, but sulfur

How does Chromatium release sulfur?

Uses hydrogen sulfide instead of water and carbon dioxide

What is the stain and shape of bdellovibrio?

Gram negative and bent rod

What attachment does bdellovibrio have?

Flagellum

Where does bdellovibrio live?

In the soil

What makes bdellovibrio unusual?

Pathogenic to bacteria like ecoli

Where can you find desulfovibrio?

Sediments in lakes and ponds