Chapter 5: Gravitation

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22 Terms

1

gravitational force

The ________ between two objects is always attractive, meaning it pulls the objects towards each other.

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2

net force

In equilibrium, the ________ acting on an object is zero, and the object is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity.

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3

laws of motion

The ________ are not absolute but are dependent on the reference frame from which they are observed.

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4

The gravitational potential energy of an object in a uniform gravitational field can be calculated using the formula

PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the object

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5

The gravitational force between two objects can be calculated using the formula

F = G (m1m2) / r^2, where F is the gravitational force, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, r is the distance between them, and G is the gravitational constant

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6

If you weigh 180 pounds on Earth, you would weigh _______ pounds on the Moon.

30

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7

mass

how much matter a(n) object has (measured in kg) and never changes

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8

weight

the force of gravity on an object (measured in N)

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9

kinetic energy

energy of motion, like inertia (measured in J)

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10

energy

the ability to do work or cause change

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11

potential energy

stored energy of position

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12

Elastic Potential Energy

is the energy stored as a result of deformation of an elastic object.

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13

higher

The ________ up the object, the greater its Gravitational Potential Energy

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14

faster

The ________ the object is traveling, the greater its kinetic energy.

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15

The ________ mass the object has, the greater its kinetic energy.

more

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16

Roller coasters can't get as high as its first high point because it loses some energy due to friction with the air, known as ______.

air resistance

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17

Gravitational Potential Energy

_____ is the energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field.

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18

What is the formula for Universal Gravitational Force

FG= GM1M2÷d1,2²

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19

Total Energy of System =

Et = Ek + Ep

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20

Define Gravitational Potential Energy

GPE (Ep or U) is the energy stored by doing work against the force of gravity, is given by FG × d

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21

What does the h stand for in the equation for gravitational potential energy? What is it measured in?

Height in m

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22

What does the g stand for in the equation for gravitational potential energy? What is it measured in?

Gravitational field strength in N/kg

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