Chapter 5: Gravitation
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22 Terms
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gravitational force
The ________ between two objects is always attractive, meaning it pulls the objects towards each other.
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net force
In equilibrium, the ________ acting on an object is zero, and the object is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity.
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laws of motion
The ________ are not absolute but are dependent on the reference frame from which they are observed.
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The gravitational potential energy of an object in a uniform gravitational field can be calculated using the formula
PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the object
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The gravitational force between two objects can be calculated using the formula
F = G (m1m2) / r^2, where F is the gravitational force, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, r is the distance between them, and G is the gravitational constant
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If you weigh 180 pounds on Earth, you would weigh _______ pounds on the Moon.
30
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mass
how much matter a(n) object has (measured in kg) and never changes
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weight
weight
the force of gravity on an object (measured in N)
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kinetic energy
kinetic energy
energy of motion, like inertia (measured in J)
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energy
the ability to do work or cause change
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potential energy
stored energy of position
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Elastic Potential Energy
Elastic Potential Energy
is the energy stored as a result of deformation of an elastic object.
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higher
The ________ up the object, the greater its Gravitational Potential Energy
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faster
faster
The ________ the object is traveling, the greater its kinetic energy.
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The ________ mass the object has, the greater its kinetic energy.
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more
more
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Roller coasters can't get as high as its first high point because it loses some energy due to friction with the air, known as ______.
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air resistance
air resistance
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Gravitational Potential Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy
_____ is the energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field.
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What is the formula for Universal Gravitational Force
FG= GM1M2÷d1,2²
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Total Energy of System =
Et = Ek + Ep
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Define Gravitational Potential Energy
GPE (Ep or U) is the energy stored by doing work against the force of gravity, is given by FG × d
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What does the h stand for in the equation for gravitational potential energy? What is it measured in?
Height in m
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What does the g stand for in the equation for gravitational potential energy? What is it measured in?
Gravitational field strength in N/kg