Studied by 8 people
Belief System
Explains one's place in the world Religion, philosophy, or combo
Traditional religion
Not one of the main 5 Old and local not trying to expand
Universal religion
One of the main 5 religions Has universal principles Adaptable to gain new followers
polytheism
multi god religion
Animism
The belief that things have souls Like wind, a river, etc
Syncretism
Merging of multiple religions into one faith
Shinto
Traditional Japanese religion Animistic, polytheistic
Kami
Spirits in Shinto religion What the people worship places, things etc
Yoruba
Traditional Religion in Southwestern Nigeria Divination, Animism Monotheistic Very cultural (celebrations/festivals)
Olorun
Supreme god of the Yoruba
Orissa
Important spirits in Yoruban religion
Mauryan Empire
Indian Empire Followed Brahminism
Mauryan Empire Qualities
Large Military Single currency Taxing system
Chandragupta Maurya
Founder of Mauryan Empire
Brahmanism
Religion of rig Veda Varna system The elites believed in it
Brahmins
Highest rank of Varna system Priests
Kshatriya
Second rank of varna system warriors and rulers
Vaishya
Third rank of varna system Merchants/farmers
Shudra
Fourth rank of varna system laborers
Dalit
Last rank of varna system Outcasts
Ashoka
Most successful Mauryan king who converts to Buddhism
Arthashastra
Ancient Indian text that explained how to rule well taxes, war, trade, etc
Rock and Pillar Edicts
Rocks and Pillars with Buddhist reminders for the Mauryans
Gupta Empire
The decentralized empire that emerged after the Mauryan Empire
Sri Gupta
Founder of Gupta Empire
Chandragupta II
Leader of Gupta Interested in the Arts (especially poetry)
Hinduism
A religion native to India Polytheistic Reincarnation
Brahma
The Hindu God considered the creator of the world
Vishnu
God of existence in Hinduism
Shiva
Hindu God of death
Samsara
The cycle of suffering reincarnation of life and death
Moksha
Liberation from Samsara
Mahabharat
Hindu poem/epic, Popularize believe of Brahmans
Ramayana
Hindu poem/epic, Popularize believe of Brahmans
Bhagavad Gita
a section of the Indian epic the Mahabharata
Dharma (H)
a person's religious and moral duties must be fufilled
Bhakti
(H)Personal devotion to gods Ex: Fasting
Atman
(H) The Soul Understanding that one's soul is just an aspect of Brahman
Maya
The illusion that one's atman is separate from universe ->Will leave one stuck in Samsara
Karma
(H + B)The effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny
Brahman
(H) Universal Spirit
Complex Monotheism
Understanding that brahma, vishu, and shiva are all under one principle (Brahman)
Rama
Someone who fufilled Dharma
Buddha
"The enlightened one"
Siddhartha Gautama
Founder of Buddhism Born a prince, overcame suffering, became Buddha
Sangha
Buddhist monks
Dharma (B)
Nirvana, Middle way, 4 noble truths Must be found to escape suffering
Middle way
Living in moderation
Asceticism
Starving oneself of basic needs to try and find enlightenment
Hedonism
Living in luxury
Four noble truths
Realizing there is suffering the world
Suffering is rooted in Desire
We can stop suffering by stopping/managing desiring
to follow the Eightfold path
Eightfold path
8 habits to follow ex: right intention, right action, wisdom as habit etc
Nirvana
Highest state of enlightenment
Theraveda
More conservative branch of Buddhism most og practiced in southeast asia
Mahayana
-More common branch of Buddhism -In china -Regards buddha as divine being (godlike) -People can achieve enlightenment but stay in this world
Dharma chakra
(B)Circle of Ethics symbol of ashoka
Kushan Empire
One of first states to embrace buddhism
Kanishka the Great
Leader of Kushan Empire
Vajrayana
Branch of Buddhism yoga Buddhism?
Bodhisattva
One who can reach nirvana but waits to do so to help others
Sodgians
Nomadic group in central Asia Middle men profiting from silk road adopt Buddhism (syncretism)
Bamain Buddhas
Statues of Buddha carved into cliff
Stupa
Buddhist monuments across silk road Missionaries?
Kumarajiva
Buddhist scholar/translator, Brought Buddhism into china.
Xuanzang
Translator who Brought texts and translated them to Chines
Six Dynasties period
After the collapse of the Han Dynasty when Buddhism takes of Confucianism and Daoism
Judaism
Religion of Jewish People
Torah
earliest evidence of Judaism first 5 sacred texts
Hebrew Bible
Sacred text of Judeaism
Patriarch
Head male of family/tribe
Abraham
Founder of Judeaism father of Isaac and Ishmael
Abrahamic religions
Christianity Judaism Islam
Semitic
Comes from Shem, relating to the peoples who speak Hebrew and Arabic.
Israel
Son of Isaac, father of Joseph
Israelite
Member of ancient Hebrew nation
Moses
Leads Jews out of captivity in Egypt ->Is given 10 commandments
10 commandments
Inscribed on tablets
Put on Ark of the Covenant
magical
Canaan
Semitic speaking region
Diaspora
disperse of Jewish people from holy land
Judah
son of jacob, also southern Israel
Judea
Land populated by Jews during Roman Empire
Ark of the Covenant
A sacred chest that housed the tablets of the Ten Commandments.
Covenant
a promise god made with Abraham
Babylonian Exile
Babylonians forced most of the inhabitants of Judah to migrate to Babylon
Orthopraxy
Right practice
Orthodoxy
right belief
Pontius Pilate
Roman Governer who sentenced Jesus to death
Paul of Tarsus
aka Paul the Apostle spread first teachings of Jesus
Imperial Cult
Worship of Roman emperors Emperors are divine beings during and after life
Gospels
Life of Jesus in them Part of new testament
Martyr
Christians who were punished for refusing to follow imperial cult
Constantine
Emperor who converted to christianity
Nicene Creed
Explains that holy trinity is equal Decide when easter is
Byzantium
Eastern half of roman empire that survived
Constantinople
capitol of Byzantium empire
Edict of Milan
Constantine makes Christianity legal
Theodosius
declares Christianity only valid religion in Rome
Hagia Sophia
Church representing Christianity in Constantinople
Note 
Flashcard (23)