AP World History Unit 6 & 7 Review

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from AP World History Units 6 & 7.

Cultural Ideologies Driving Imperialism (1750-1900)

Belief in the superiority of the white race and European culture, Social Darwinism, and the desire to spread Christianity.

Social Darwinism

The application of biological Darwinism to social and political realities, suggesting strong states should dominate weak states.

Nationalist Motives in Imperial States (1750-1900)

A growing desire for powerful states to declare themselves the greatest on the world stage through building larger empires.

Economic Motives for Imperialism During Industrial Revolution

Industrialized nations sought more colonies for new markets and access to raw materials to feed their machines.

Transition of Colonies

Colonies initially under non-state control (e.g., private companies or kings) transferred to state authority due to brutal policies or corruption.

Rise of New Imperial Powers

The United States and Japan expanded their influence, replacing waning powers like Spain and Portugal.

Berlin Conference

Called by Otto von Bismarck, it was where European powers diplomatically divided Africa among themselves without African input.

Methods of Resistance from Colonized Peoples

Direct resistance and the creation of new states.

Ghost Dance Movement

A religiously inspired rebellion where indigenous groups performed a ritual dance to awaken their ancestral dead and expel white settlers.

Cash Crop Farming

Farmers shifted from growing food for subsistence to selling crops like coffee, rubber, and sugar for export.

Economic Imperialism

A situation where one country wields significant economic power over another, without direct political control.

Opium Wars

Wars fought because Britain smuggled opium into China to fix a trade deficit, leading to British victory and forced trade agreements.

Spheres of Influence in China

Areas where imperial powers like Japan, France, Germany, Russia, and the United States had exclusive trading rights.

Reasons for Massive Migrations (1750-1900)

The need for work and bad conditions at home.

Indentured Servitude

Workers agree to work for a number of years in order to pay for their passage to a new place.

Ethnic Enclaves

Portions of receiving cities that reflected the immigrants' own culture, language and character.

Russian Revolution Causes

Internal factors such as lagging economic growth and reluctance to expand civil liberties, and external problems such as losses in the Crimean War and Russo-Japanese War.

Mexican Revolution

Led by Francisco Madero, sought to correct the huge wealth gap and long-term cooperation with US investors to the detriment of the landless poor in Mexico.

Causes of World War I (M.A.I.N.)

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism.

Total War (World War I)

Each country leveraged all of its domestic assets to fight.

Propaganda Use in World War I

Used to persuade people to support the war effort, demonizing enemies and over-glorifying the cause.

New Technologies in World War I

Poison gas, machine guns, submarines, and tanks.

New Deal

Represented massive government spending to rescue the US from the Great Depression.

Five-Year Plans (Soviet Union)

Meant to transform the USSR into an industrial power very rapidly which led to collectivized agriculture.

Treaty of Versailles

A peace agreement that ended WWI between the Allied Powers and Germany.

War Guilt Clause

Germany was made to bear the entire blame for WWI and had to pay reparations.

Appeasement

The British policy of giving in to Hitler's demands in order to avoid war.

Firebombing

Incendiary bombs dropped in Tokyo and Dresden.

The Final Solution

The Nazi Program to rid the German population of Jews and other undesirables.

Holodomor

A man-made famine in Ukraine in 1932 and 1933