Biology

Taxonomy

What is Taxonomy?

Study of classification

Who created the first classification system?

Aristotle

Grasses/Herbs

Soft stem (Short)

Shrubs

Several woody stems (Medium height)

Trees

One woody stem (Large/tall)

How do you group animals?

By where they dwelled (water, land, Air)

Who is the father of Taxonomy?

Carolus Linneaus

genus

Capital and underlined/Italicized

Species

Small letter and underlined/Italicized

When can you mate?

In the same genus

Sapien

Wisdom

Folium

Leaves

Alba

White

Felis

Cat

Felis SP

all cats

Homo

alike

Domains in order

1. Animal
2. Plant
3. Prostia
4. Fungus
5. Monera

Kingdoms in order

1. Phylum
2. class
3. order
4. family
5. genus
6. species

Sub class

1. Phylum
2. Class
3. order

Super order

4. Family
5. Genus
6. Species

Subclass/Suborder

Breaks things down

Sub

Below

Super

Above

Who made the 3rd kingdom?

Ernst Haeckel

Monera

has to be a prokaryote

what does EU mean?

True

Protozoa

Green and moves

Fungus

Doesn’t move

where is Phylum used?

Used in plants

What is a phylogenetic tree?

It shows evolutionary history

What is derived traits?

Traits not previously seen

what are segments?

They allow you to move

what is cladistics?

traces evolutionary history of a group by using shared traits

What is cladogram?

depicts evolutionary history

what is an amphibian?

has 2 lives

Tracing phylogeny

Embryos

what is a fossil record?

common characteristics

what is Morphological data?

outer structure

homology

similar structure

analogy

Common environment

Behavioral

care of young

molecular

DNA/Proteins (cytochromes)

Molecular clock

Percentage difference between organisms

Morphology

Outer structures

homologous organs

Similar structures and different structure

Analogous organs

legs, wings, flippers, similar

Vestigial organs

Things you have at one time

examples- Goosebumps, abdominal, muscles, gland, membrane, wisdom teeth.

hallifias

salt water

thermo acid hallifias

heat

Whats another name blue-green alge

Cyanobacteria

Antibiotics work

Diplococcus pneumonia

turns into rheumatic fever

streptococcus

blood poising

staphylococcus

How is bacteria sorted?

By shape and arrangement

Bacillus

e coli

Bacillus anthracis

Anthrax

vibrio cholerae

Cholerae

Clostridium tetani

Tentanus

Spirillum/spirilla

characteristics of a prokaryote

1. Unicellular
2. Phospholipid ( helps protect)
3. Prokaryotic ( No nucleus/organelle)
4. Ribosome (Makes protein)
5. Cell wall (Not cellulose) peptide

Methanogens

Swamps, marshes, guts of animal

Halophiles

Salt water conditions

Thermoacidophiles

Hot springs, Geysers

Marshgas

Made of methine

Halo

salt

How do you kill bacteria?

Gargle salt water

Thermo

Hot temps

Acid

Ph levels

characteristics of an Eukarya Domain

1. Unicellular/colonial/multicellular
2. Nucleus/organelles
3. Wide variety of body forms

Protista characteristics

1. Mostly unicellular
2. Eukaryote
3. no specialized tissue

what are two main things in protista?

1. Alge
2. Protozoa

Alge

All blue-green, Grouped by color

Green

Bobox

Brown

Sorgaseus

Red

Alge to make up seaweed

fire

Gives off poison

Protozoa

First animal

grouped by movement

Amoeba

Pseudopods (false feet)

Paramecia

Cillia ( Many tiny hairs)

Euglena

Flagella (A few long hairs)

Sporozoa

No movement (Usually cause disease)