AP Euro 2.1-2.3 Reading Check Quiz (Essential Terms)

Indulgences

Catholic Church's policy of buying the forgiveness of sin

Reformation

religious revolution in the 16th century with the emergences of differing and competing sects of Christianity

Martin Luther

demanded for change in the Catholic Church, wrote the 95 Theses

95 Theses

objected against simony, pluralism, nepotism, and immorality

Diet of Worms

held by Charles V, Luther declared outlaw and was excommunicated from the Church

Charles V

called for the Diet of Worms and was the one that declared Luther an outlaw

Primacy of Scripture

Luther's idea that the Bible is the most important and was infallible - Bible as source of authority not church traditions

Faith Alone

Luther believed people gained eternal life by faith alone = sola fide

"the priesthood of all believers"

Luther insisted that all Christians had access to God without the assistance of priests, bishops, or the pope

John Calvin

believed in predestination and the elect

Predestination

Calvin's belief that God already knew who would be saved and that at birth their eternal life was set

The Elect

Calvin's concept of those chosen by God to be saved

Geneva

place where Calvinist teachings took root in banking

German Peasant's War

revolt of German lower classes calling for social/political change using the Scriptures

Anabaptist

rejected baptism of infants, attempted avoiding sin by living more simple life, avoided involvement in government affairs, strictly followed scripture

Vernacular Bibles

Bibles written in the common language of the people, rather than Latin

Puritans

English Calvinists who sought a thorough cleansing from within the Church of England

Polish Nobles

brought Protestant ideas to Poland and helped win over leaders for religious toleration

Huguenots

French Calvinists that struggled for greater political power

Geneva 2.3

invited Calvin to live and preach there. his doctrines transformed their Christianity and government - Bible was the highest law there