counterculture
was an anti-establishment cultural phenomenon that developed throughout much of the Western world in the 1960s
Haight Ashbury
neighborhood in San Francisco, CA known as one of the main centers of the counterculture of the 1960s
Student for a Democratic Society (SDS)
national student activist organization in the United States during the 1960s, and was one of the principal representations of the New Left campaigning for civil and political rights, environmentalism, feminism, gay rights, gender roles and drug policy reforms
Free Speech Movement
student protest which took place during the 1964–65 academic year on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley, informally under the central leadership of Berkeley graduate student Mario Savio
Stonewall Riots
gay activists urged homosexuals to be open about their identity and to work to end discrimination and violent abuse. By the mid-1970s, homosexuality was no longer classified as a mental illness and the federal Civil Service dropped its ban on employment of homosexuals.
Weathermen Underground
militant organization first active in 1969, founded on the Ann Arbor campus of the University of Michigan and its goal was to create a revolutionary party to overthrow the United States government
Indian Termination Policy 1946-1968
Assimilation policy; withdrew all official recognition of the tribes as legal entities
1968- Indian Civil Rights Act
guaranteed reservation Indians Bill of Rights protections; recognized the legitimacy of tribal laws within the reservations
AIM (American Indian Movement)
Indigenous civil rights movement
Occupation of Alcatraz
19-month long protest when 89 Native Americans and their supporters occupied the Island. claimed that, under the Treaty of Fort Laramie between the U.S. and the Lakota tribe, all retired, abandoned, or out-of-use federal land was to be returned to the Indians who once occupied it
United Farmers Workers (UFW)
Labor union that launched a 5 year strike against California grape growers to demand recognition and increased wages and benefits. Used consumer boycotts, marches and nonviolent resistance ending in a well-publicized 25-day hunger strike in 1968.By July 1970, the UFW had succeeded in reaching a collective bargaining agreement and higher wages
Cesar Chavez
Led the United Farm Workers Strike in 1968-1970 and went on a hunger strike
Betty Friedan’s the Feminine Mystique
Book that challenged the widely shared belief that “fulfillment as a woman had only one definition for American women after 1949—the housewife-mother
National Organization for Women (NOW)
activist organization (founded 1966) that promotes equal rights for women
Environmental Advocacy
Movement in the 1960s that sought to legitimize the study and protection of the earth by encouraging NGOs to lobby for legislation
Earth Day
April 22, 1970 was the first to annually celebrate the environment
Clean Air Acts and Clean Water Act
Set up money and standards for study and cleanup efforts at local, state and federal level