Untitled Flashcards Set

Translational Motion

Movement where all parts of a body move the same distance in a given time.

Rotational Motion

Movement around a fixed axis where different parts move through different distances in a given time.

Moment of a Force

Rotational effect produced by a force acting on a body. Formula: M = F × d (Force × Perpendicular distance from the pivot). SI Unit: Newton-meter (Nm). cgs Unit: Dyne-centimeter (dyne cm).

Clockwise Moment

Rotation caused by a force in the clockwise direction.

Anticlockwise Moment

Rotation caused by a force in the counterclockwise direction.

Translational Equilibrium

When the net force acting on a body is zero.

Rotational Equilibrium

When the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of anticlockwise moments.

Principle of Moments

For a body to be in rotational equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments about a pivot must equal the sum of anticlockwise moments.

Centre of Gravity

The point where the entire weight of a body acts, irrespective of the orientation.

Uniform Circular Motion

Motion of an object at a constant speed on a circular path.

Characteristics of Uniform Circular Motion

Constant speed and centripetal acceleration (toward the center).

Centripetal Force

Force acting towards the center of the circular path.

Centrifugal Force

Apparent force felt by an object moving in a circular path, acting outward from the center.

Moment Calculation

The moment of a force is calculated using the formula M = F × d.

Real-life Examples of Moment of Force

Examples include opening a door, turning a steering wheel, and pedaling a bicycle.

SI Unit of Moment

Newton-meter (Nm).

cgs Unit of Moment

Dyne-centimeter (dyne cm).

Centre of Gravity of an irregular lamina

Determined using the plumb line method.