Driving Theory

Order of Traffic Precedence

1) Police officer signals, 2) Traffic lights, 3) Road signs & markings, 4) Basic road rules.

Police Officer Signal – Raised Hand

All vehicles must stop immediately when a police officer raises a hand.

Traffic Light – Red

Means STOP; do not enter the intersection.

Traffic Light – Green

Means GO if the way is clear.

Traffic Light – Amber

Prepare to stop; stop if you can do so safely.

Flashing Amber Light

Slow down, give way to all road users, proceed only if safe.

Controlled Pedestrian Crossing

Crossing regulated by traffic lights or a police officer.

Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing

Crossing without signals or officer; drivers must scan and yield.

Traffic Sign Groups

Warning, Prohibitive, Regulatory, Direction; plus Supplementary and Temporary.

Warning Sign Shape & Color

Red-bordered triangle indicates danger ahead.

Prohibitive Sign Shape & Color

Red circle denotes a restriction or prohibition.

Regulatory Sign Shape & Color

Blue circle indicates mandatory instructions.

Give-Way Sign

Upside-down red triangle; slow, scan, proceed if clear without stopping.

Stop Sign

Red octagon; wheels must cease movement at the stop line before proceeding.

Electronic Guidance Board

Variable message sign giving real-time warnings on weather, jams, or road works.

Temporary Road Sign

Orange sign indicating construction; slow and watch for workers.

Road Markings – Double Solid Lines

No overtaking or lane change permitted across them.

Road Markings – Broken Line

Overtake or change lane if the broken line is on your side.

Stop Line

Solid transverse marking where vehicles must halt at a stop sign or red light.

Give-Way Line

Broken transverse markings indicating where to yield.

Left-Hand Rule (Uncontrolled Junction)

Give priority to vehicles approaching from your left.

Main Road (Priority) Rule

Yield to all traffic on the main road from both directions.

Exit & Entering Rule

Yield when leaving side premises or joining from minor roads.

Turning Rule

Yield to oncoming traffic when turning across their path.

Obstruction Rule

Do not enter a junction unless the exit is clear; applies to yellow-box areas.

Bus Rule (City Limits)

Buses leaving a stop have priority; allow them to merge.

Driving Distinctly

Use indicators, horn, and lights timely and cancel them promptly.

Indicator Principle

Signals show intention, not command; never rely blindly on others’ indicators.

Hazard Lights – Proper Use

Activate only for emergencies, sudden jams, or towing; never as excuse for speeding or bad weather visibility.

Horn – Permitted Use

Short warnings only; avoid 00:00–06:00, near schools, hospitals, courts, mosques.

Safety Distance

Increase spacing with higher speed to allow time to react and avoid collision.

Zipper Principle

In congestion, vehicles from main and minor roads alternate merging one-by-one.

Emergency Vehicle Priority

Yield safely to ambulances, fire engines, police, civil defense, and official convoys with lights/sirens.

Cyclist Safety Gap

Maintain at least 1.5 m lateral distance; avoid honking or close passing.

School Bus Rule

Stop at least 5 m from front or rear when bus displays stop arms for students.

Basic Position – Two-Way Straight

Keep to the right to allow overtaking and maintain distance from oncoming traffic.

Basic Position – Turning Left (Two-Way)

Move close to the center-line and yield to oncoming traffic.

Lane Choice – One-Way Street

Extreme right for straight/turn right; extreme left for left turn or U-turn.

Roundabout Exit Rule

Signal right before leaving the roundabout; never stop, reverse, or change lanes inside.

Scanning Technique

Shift gaze, check mirrors frequently (about every 5 s) to widen field of vision.

Lane-Change Sequence

Center mirror, side mirror, shoulder check, indicator, mirror re-check, move smoothly.

Allowed Overtaking Side

Pass only on the left, except when the vehicle ahead clearly prepares a left turn.

Never Overtake When…

Approaching/intersecting uncontrolled crossings, junctions, or where view is obstructed.

Children Near Road

Be extra vigilant; a rolling ball often means a child in pursuit.

No Waiting / No Parking / Stopping Zones

Areas where stopping, waiting, or parking is restricted; respect curb colors and signage.

Fire Hydrant Curb (Red Paint)

Do not park; space kept clear for firefighting hose connection.

Hill Parking – Uphill

Turn wheels away from curb to prevent roll-back.

Hill Parking – Downhill

Turn wheels toward curb to prevent roll-forward.

U-Turn Rule

Permitted only from extreme left lane; ensure visibility and safety.

Securing Parked Vehicle

Apply parking brake, remove key, lock car, and avoid obstructing other traffic.