Biology Kovacs Taxonomy

separate answers with comma

classification

classification

a system used by scientists to group and sort living and non-living things based on the characteristics they share

taxonomy

the branch of science concerned with classification of organisms

Carolus Linnaeus

Father of Taxonomy; developed binomial nomenclature; his grouping system grouped organisms from kingdom through species

binomial nomenclature

developed by Carolus Linnaeus; names come from the organism’s genus and species

italicized, capitalized

In binomial nomenclature, the genus and species are [capitalized/bolded/italicized/underlined], and the genus is [capitalized/bolded/italicized/underlined].

dichotomous key

In each step of the _______________ _____, two choices are given with directions for what to do next. Each choice leads to either another choice or the identity of the object or organism.

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

the eight taxa from least specific to most specific

species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

the eight taxa from most specific to least specific

Eukarya, Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primate, Hominidae, Homo, sapiens

human classification from least specific to most specific (make sure not to capitalize the species)

Eukarya

What domain do humans belong to?

Animalia

What kingdom do humans belong to?

Chordata

What phylum do humans belong to?

Mammalia

What class do humans belong to?

Primate

What order do humans belong to?

Hominidae

What family do humans belong to?

Homo

What genus do humans belong to?

sapiens

What species do humans belong to?

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

What are the names of the three domains?

no

Bacteria: Is it multicellular?

yes, peptidoglycan

Bacteria: Does it have a cell wall? What is it made of?

no, no

Bacteria: Does it have a nucleus? Does it have membrane-bound organelles?

asexually

Bacteria: Does it reproduce sexually or asexually or both?

both

Bacteria: Is it a heterotroph or autotroph or both?

found as rods, spirals, and spheres

Bacteria: What other important information is there?

no

Archaea: Is it multicellular?

yes, not peptidoglycan

Archaea: Does it have a cell wall? What is it made of?

no, no

Archaea: Does it have a nucleus? Does it have membrane-bound organelles?

asexually

Archaea: Does it reproduce sexually or asexually or both?

both

Archaea: Is it a heterotroph or autotroph or both?

live in extreme environments

Archaea: What other important information is there?

mostly

Eukarya: Is it multicellular?

yes, chitin or cellulose

Eukarya: Does it have a cell wall? What is it made of?

yes, yes

Eukarya: Does it have a nucleus? Does it have membrane-bound organelles?

both

Eukarya: Does it reproduce sexually or asexually or both?

both

Eukarya: Is it a heterotroph or autotroph or both?

found as protists, fungi, plants, and animals

Eukarya: What other important information is there?

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

What are the names of the four kingdoms that belong to the Eukarya domain?

mostly unicellular

Protista: Are they unicellular or multicellular?

both

Protista: Are they autotrophs or heterotrophs or both?

yes and no, cellulose and chitin

Protista: Do they have cell walls and what are they made of?

Protista

Euglena, slime mold, and paramecium, are part of which kingdom?

mostly multicellular

Fungi: Are they unicellular or multicellular?

heterotrophs

Fungi: Are they autotrophs or heterotrophs or both?

yes, chitin

Fungi: Do they have cell walls and what are they made of?

Fungi

Mushrooms and yeast are part of which kingdom?

multicellular

Plantae: Are they unicellular or multicellular?

autotrophs

Plantae: Are they autotrophs or heterotrophs or both?

yes, cellulose

Plantae: Do they have cell walls and what are they made of?

Plantae

Cucumber plants are part of which kingdom?

multicellular

Animalia: Are they unicellular or multicellular?

heterotrophs

Animalia: Are they autotrophs or heterotrophs or both?

no

Animalia: Do they have cell walls and what are they made of?

Animalia

Cats are part of which kingdom?

general characteristics

Animals under the kingdom Animalia can be separated into their phyla by their group’s __________ _______________.

symmetry, mobility, digestive tracts

three traits that distinguish phyla from each other

symmetry

the repetition of the parts in an animal or plant in an orderly fashion

asymmetry, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry

the three types of symmetry

heads

Animals that are bilaterally symmetrical have _____.

mobility

the ability to move

sessile

opposite of mobile

digestive tract

where food enters and waste exits

alimentary canal

Almost all animals have a digestive tract. Some animals have a single entrance into their digestive tract through which food enters and waste exits. Other animals have a(n) ________________ _____ with a separate mouth and anus.

Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Chordata

What are the names of the seven phyla that belong to the Animalia kingdom?

sea sponges

Porifera: What are some of the representative species?

asymmetry

Porifera: Does it have asymmetry, radial symmetry, or bilateral symmetry?

no

Porifera: Can these organisms move?

neither

Porifera: Does it have neither a mouth nor an anus, just a mouth, or both?

are porous to allow for feeding

Porifera: What are some other important features?

jellyfish, sea anemones

Cnidaria: What are some of the representative species?

radial symmetry

Cnidaria: Does it have asymmetry, radial symmetry, or bilateral symmetry?

most can

Cnidaria: Can these organisms move?

mouth

Cindaria: Does it have neither a mouth nor an anus, just a mouth, or both?

have stinging cells and a primitive nervous system

Cnidaria: What are some other important features?

flatworms, tapeworms, planaria

Platyhelminthes: What are some of the representative species?

bilateral symmetry

Platyhelminthes: Does it have asymmetry, radial symmetry, or bilateral symmetry?

yes

Platyhelminthes: Can these organisms move?

mouth

Platyhelminthes: Does it have neither a mouth nor an anus, just a mouth, or both?

have flat bodies and are often parasitic

Platyhelminthes: What are some other important features?

earthworms, leeches

Annelida: What are some of the representative species?

bilateral symmetry

Annelida: Does it have asymmetry, radial symmetry, or bilateral symmetry?

yes

Annelida: Can these organisms move?

both

Annelida: Does it have neither a mouth nor an anus, just a mouth, or both?

have ringed segments and multiple hearts

Annelida: What are some other important features?

snails, octopuses, bivalves

Mollusca: What are some of the representative species?

bilateral symmetry

Mollusca: Does it have asymmetry, radial symmetry, or bilateral symmetry?

yes

Mollusca: Can these organisms move?

both

Mollusca: Does it have neither a mouth nor an anus, just a mouth, or both

have a muscular foot and a mantle (shell)

Mollusca: What are some other important features?

spiders, lobsters, insects

Arthropoda: What are some of the representative species?

bilateral symmetry

Arthropoda: Does it have asymmetry, radial symmetry, or bilateral symmetry?

yes

Arthropoda: Can these organisms move?

both

Arthropoda: Does it have neither a mouth nor an anus, just a mouth, or both?

have jointed appendages and an exoskeleton

Arthropoda: What are some other important features?

mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians

Chordata: What are some of the representative species?

bilateral symmetry

Chordata: Does it have asymmetry, radial symmetry, or bilateral symmetry?

yes

Chordata: Can these organisms move?

both

Chordata: Does it have neither a mouth nor an anus, just a mouth, or both?

have a notochord

Chordata: What are some other important features?

Fish, Amphibian, Reptile, Bird, Mammal

What are the names of the five classes that belong to the chordata phylum?