Ch. 33: FDR and the Shadow of War: The Road to World War II

Adolf Hitler

a fanatic who plotted & harangued his way to control of Germany in 1933.

Nye Committee

formed in 1934 to investigate whether or not munitions manufacturers were pro- war for the sole purpose of making more money and profits, as the press blamed such producers for dragging America into the First World War.

Radar

helps locate where planes are coming from.

St Louis

left Germany in 1939 with 937 passengers, almost all Jewish refugees, went to Cuba, Miami, and Canada.

League of Nation Failure

In 1935, Mussolini attacked Ethiopia, conquering it, but the League of Nations failed to take effective action against the aggressors.

Tripartite Pact

Germany, Japan, and Italy→ rome- berlin- tokyo axis → purpose for signing it: so the US doesnt join the war and so dont fight war on two fronts (going to war to one= going to war with three)

"Anschluss "

March 1938: Hitler marched troops into Austria and announced "Anschluss" union- between Germany and Austria.

Labor union concerns

AFL was concerned that we are improving our relationship with Russia → More immigration from the Soviet union → more immigration= more people taking jobs with lower pay → take away jobs from union members.

Germans

May /June 1940: ________ attack and defeat France, with Italy attacking from the South.

Isolationists

appealed for assistance to democracies by "All methods short of war" so conflict would be kept to faraway Europe.

Winston Churchill

British Prime Minister during World War II

Interventionists

appealed for direct succor to British by such slogans as "Britain is Fighting Our Fight.

Hitler

________ invaded USSR earlier than planned was because of resource problems: ________ plan was to take over western europe and then attack Russia (similar to Schlieffen plan from WWI)

Neutrality Act of 1936

barred US from sending these countries arms or other assistance.

in Rome- Berlin Axis.

In 1936, Nazi Hitler and Fascist Mussolini allied themselves in Rome- Berlin Axis.

Appeasement

give up morals to please a dictator

Spanish Civil War (1936- 39)

Spanish rebels led by the Fascist General Fransisco Franco rose up against the leftist- leaning republican gov.

Battle of Britain

Hitler launched air attacks against the British in August 1940 and prepared an invasion scheduled to start a month later, but the tenacious defense of the British Royal Air force stopped that → overmatched by Luftwafte until radar was invented by British scientists → started to beat Germany → after 3 months, Germany gave up and they lost the Battle of Britain.

Hitler

________ recognized Lend- Lease as unofficial declaration of war.

Non-Aggression Pact violation

On June 22, 1941, Hitler attacked Russia, because ever since the signing of the Non- Aggression Pact, neither Stalin or Hitler had trusted each other, and both had been plotting to double- cross each other.