ISAAC NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

LAW #1: THE LAW OF INERTIA

LAW #2: FORCE =MASS x ACCELERATION (F=ma)

LAW #3: FOR EVERY ACTION, THERE IS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION

OUTCOME 1: FORCE, MASS, AND ACCELERATION

• A force pushes or pulls. It influences the velocity of an object and is measured in Newtons (N).

• Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter in a object. It is measured in kilograms (kg). Other units include grams, tonnes, milligrams, stone, and pounds.

• Acceleration is a change in velocity. Velocity can change by speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction. It is measured in m/s². Acceleration is the rate in which this change occurs at. This is calculated by the equation below:

• The relation between the three is summarised in Newton’s 2nd law, F=ma.

OUTCOME 2: DISTANCE, SPEED, AND TIME

• Speed is the distance travelled by an object in a unit of time. For example, if the distance is measured in kilometers and the unit of time is hours, then the speed is kilometers per hour, or km/h.

• Speed, distance, and time can all be calculated by following the pyramid.

  • Speed = distance/time

  • Time = distance/speed

  • Distance = time x speed

OUTCOME 3: MOTION OF OBJECTS

• Net force is the sum of forces acting on something. The equation for acceleration is v-u/t, meaning the final velocity minus the initial velocity divided by the time taken.

• The longer the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity.

• When acceleration is constant, the change in velocity is directly proportional to time.