1. Skin Color & Pigmentation

Freckles

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

sun exposed skin

common to caucasians

Freckles

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Vitiligo

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Uneven patches on the skin

common to african american

Vitiligo

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Striae

COMMON SKIN VARIATION:

also known as “Stretch marks”

usually permanent unless given professional treatment

Striae

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Seborrheic keratosis

COMMON SKIN VARIATION:

Common in elderly patient

Warty and crusty pigmented skin or lesion

can be removed by minor surgery

Seborrheic keratosis

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Scar

COMMON SKIN VARIATION:

Remnant of the wound

Common for patient who undergoes surgery

Scar

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Mole

COMMON SKIN VARIATION:

also known as Nevus

Usually flat or raised

Mole

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Cutaneous Tags

COMMON SKIN VARIATION:

Raised papule but depressed center

Common elderly clients

Cutaneous tags

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Cutaneous horns

COMMON SKIN VARIATION:

Big portion of dead skin

Common in areas with thin skin (e.g. ear)

Cutaneous horns

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Cherry angiomas

COMMON SKIN VARIATION:

Round macule of skin, usually flat

usually seen in elderly

Cherry angiomas

COMMON SKIN VARIATION

Albinism

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Total absence pigment on skin

No melanocytes

Albinism

ABNORMAL FINDINGS

Erythema

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Reddish discoloration

Common with inflammation, trauma, allergic reaction, infection

Skin will feel warm

Erythema

ABNORMAL FINDINGS

Pallor

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Pale areas of the skin; observed in the extremities

Results from poor circulation

Commonly seen on patients with anemia

Pallor

ABNORMAL FINDINGS

Cyanosis

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Bluish discoloration due to vasoconstriction leading to poor oxygenation

Peripheral Cyanosis

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Bluish discoloration: extremities affected

Peripheral Cyanosis

ABNORMAL FINDINGS

(Blue toe / toe nail)

Central cyanosis

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Overall bluing of patient

Central cyanosis

ABNORMAL FINDINGS

(blue lips)

Jaundice

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Yellowish discoloration of the skin

Usually seen in sclera, especially in African American

Patient has possible liver problem

Jaundice

ABNORMAL FINDINGS

Acanthosis nigricans

ABNORMAL FINDINGS:

Black streaks of the skin

found on skin folds, commonly found in neck

Common with diabetic patients

Acanthosis nigricans

ABNORMAL FINDINGS