Victorian Era Test

Brit Lit

When was England at the height of its power?

19th century

How much of the world was under British reign?

1/4

Industrialism

unregulated; poor working conditions, child labor, no labor laws

Where did the poor and/or working class live?

cities

Cities

overpopulated & unsanitary

What did authors think of industrialism?

they had mixed feelings, but many later disagreed

Queen Victoria

- loved
- domesticity, moral values, dedication to duty

Who was the first monarch to be photographed?

Queen Victoria

3 periods of the Victorian Era

Early, Mid, Late

Early Period

- before Queen Victoria
- 1832 Reform Bill
- 1846 corn laws

What year was the Reform Bill passed?

1832 - Early Period

1832 Reform Bill

gave more voting rights to upper working class people that owned land

What year were the corn laws repealed?

1846 - Early Period

Corn laws

high taxes on imports like wheat and grain

Why were the corn laws repealed?

no one could afford to buy corn, wheat, or grains

Mid Period

- laws being passed that supported working class
- British empire expanded to Canada, India, and Australia
- church split into three

3 sections of the church

low, broad, and high

low church

strict, did not participate in many rituals, plain, puritanical

broad church

more inclusive, mix b/w low and high

high church

rich, catholic, ritualistic, powerful

Charles Darwin

challenges religion with evolution; Origin of Species & Descent of Man

Late Period

- decay in victorian values
- rich got richer, poor stayed the same
- countries are rebelling against English rule

When was the second Reform Bill passed?

1867

2nd Reform Bill

1867; gave more voting rights to workers

The Nineties

- industry & imperialism
- rebellion against British rule
- victorian way is GONE

When does Britain lose the power that America gains?

nineties

Role of Women

- few more rights
- more education; could earn degrees in college (except for Oxford & Cambridge)
- women were able to fight for custody of children
- gain some property rights

Who could afford to get a divorce?

wealthy men

What remained the most popular form of literature?

poetry

Which forms of literature gained popularity?

magazines, newspapers, periodicals

Why did magazines, newspapers, and periodicals gain popularity?

steam powered press

Elizabeth Barrett Browning

- popular poet
- Sonnets from Portuguese (love poems about husband)

Robert Browning

- Scottish poet (not as popular as wife)
- husband to Elizabeth Barrett Browning
- Porphyria's Lover

What was Robert Browning known for?

dramatic monologues