6 beliefs

Kalam

Theology

Ma’rifa

Knowledge of God

Taqwa

Awareness of God

Dhikr

Remembrance of God

Fikr

Reflection

Hadith

Traditions of the Prophet (SAW)

Hadith Gabriel

• Angel Gabriel visited the Prophet (SAW) and asked about 3 key areas: Islam, Iman and Ihsan which led to Fiqh, Aqida and Tassawuf

Islam

• Five pillars

• Testify the oneness of God, perform prayer, give zakat, fast in ramadaan + perform pilgrimage

Iman

• True faith → The six beliefs

• Believe in Allah (SWT), His angels, His inspired books, His messengers, the last day and the destiny of good and evil.

Ihsan

• Excellence/perfection of faith

• One must have good character in public + private as well as good knowledge of the religion

Sa’at

moment/time

Ahl al Sunnah as’l Jam’ah

Those who follow Sunnah and understand/follow what the Prophet (SAW) has done

Fiqh

Islamic jurisprudence (legal rulings)

Madhhab

A legal school → 4 main madhabs are hanafi, shafi, maliki, hanbali

Aqida

Islamic theology

Tassawwuf

Islamic spirituality

Tariqah

Spiritual path

Arkan

Requirements/devotional duties of Islam

Amal

Hope

• to be hopeful for something

• to wish for something

• to expect/manifest for something to happen

Haq

truth

Kufr

Disbelief, to be a non-believer

Nifaaq

To do be hypocritical but remain within the faith

The day of the covenant

The day that marked the beginning of creation in Islam

Anthropomorphism

Giving God human traits/qualities

Tafwid

Transferring the meaning of the verses completely to Allah (SWT) without trying to figure them out

Ta’wil

Figurative interpretation in a manner that suits Allah (SWT)

Mukhamat

Foundation of the book verses → clear/definite meaning verses

Mutashabihat

Ambiguous verses

Tasfir

Interpretation

Jalal

Majestic qualities of Allah (SWT) that invoke awe + fear

Jamal

Beautiful attributes of Allah that inspire hope

Marifah

Knowledge of God

Kalam

Theology

Qalb Saleem

Sound Heart

Tawrah

The torah → revealed by Moses

Zabur

• The psalms (Bible’s old testament)

  • Revealed by David

Injil

• The Gospel (Bible’s New Testament)

  • Revealed by Jesus

Risalah

Prophethood → The chain of communication between mankind & Allah (SWT)

Surah Kahf (18:109)

“If the sea were ink for (writing) the Words of my Lord, surely, the sea would be exhausted before the Words of my Lord would be finished, even if We brought (another sea) like it for its aid.”

• Allah (SWT) is too great and almighty that even if it was a short sentence, one sea would not be enough to relay the correct and proper message that is given by Allah (SWT)

Imam Al-Haddad

• “Do not delve too deeply into theology and do not discuss it much with the aim of truly acquiring knowledge, for it cannot be obtained through that science.”

• It can only be obtained through travelling, meditating on verses + hadiths, reflection of heaven and earth, refine the soul, reduce the soul’s densities though discipline.

Imam Al-Bukhari

“The difference between the one who remembers God and the one who foes not is like the difference between the living and the dead.”

Abu Bakr as-siddiq

“Your inability to comprehend God is your comprehension of God.”

Habib al-Rahman Balfiqh

“Many humans are not even human and the only element of humanity they posses is in their outward form.”

• Humans now are more inhumane and do not care for one another

13 key attributes of God

1. Hayat → life

2. ‘Ilm → knowledge

3. Sam’ → Hearing

4. Basr → sight

5. Iradah → will

6. Quradah →power

7. Kalam → speech

8. Wujud → being

9. Qidam → beginninglessess

10. Baqa’ → endlessness

11. Wahdaniyyah → oneness

12. Qiyam bil nafs → self-subsistence

13. Mukhalifah lil hawadith → absolute dissimilarity to created things

Tanzeeh

Allah’s (SWT) transcendence

Laysa Kamithlihi shay

“There is nothing like Him (Allah (SWT))

Imam Shafi

“I believe in what has come form Allah (SWT) as it was intended by Allah (SWT), and I believe in what has come from the Messenger of Allah (SAW) as ut was intended by the Messenger of Allah.”

Quran 13:28

“Verily in the remembrance of God do hearts find peace.”

Belief in Angels (Ghulam Sarwar)

• A special creation of Allah + have been created from divine light to perform special duties

• They only have the powers and qualities to carry out their duties + do not have free will. They can only obey Allah and do not carry any sins

• We cannot see them unless they appear in human form

• Angels called the ‘Honourable recorders’ leave nothing unrecorded

Belief in Angels (Faraz Rabbani)

• Belief and affirmation in Allah’s angels

• They cannot eat, drink, have a gender, disobey Allah + do anything else other than what they are commanded.

Belief in Holy Books (Ghulam Sarwar)

• A Muslim believes in all the revealed books mentioned in the Quran.

• Only the Quran remains unchanged + contains Allah’s guidance in it’s original form. The language, is unchanged and undistorted. The Message of the Quran is valid until judgement day

• The original Tarwah, Zabur + Injil no longer exist and have been heavily altered + distorted. They are a mixture of divine + human words

• The Bible has been translated into English from Hebrew + Greek which includes many humans additions that are incorrect. There are many misleading conceptions and false prophet accounts

  • The message of Allah was either lost or distorted due to the neglect of their followers

Quran (4:80)

“Anyone who obeys the Messenger has obeyed God.”

Belief in the Prophets/Messengers (Faraz Rabbani)

• The first messenger was Adam (SAW) & the last was Muhammad (SAW)

• Every Messenger has 5 attributes: truthfulness, trustworthiness, conveying the message, intelligence & sinlessness. Anything other than this is impossible for them

• Muhammad (SAW) is distinguished through traits such as: being the best of messengers, being sent to all of mankind & jinn, he was the last of the messengers, there are none after him

Belief in Prophets/Messengers (Ghulam Sarwar) (1)

• Risalah is the communication between Allah and humanity. Through this, Allah provides guidance for living a righteous life, promising rewards for those who follow His path and contribute to a peaceful world.

• This guidance has been delivered through Prophets (SAW), who taught, guided, and trained people to worship and obey Allah alone.

• All Prophets (SAW) conveyed the same core message: Allah is one, and only He should be worshipped, rejecting all false gods.

Quran (25:2)

“The destiny of every creature is already known to Allah.”

• Man is unable to understand and interpret many of Allah’s actions, a human’s job is to live their lives according to God’s law and with the constant awareness that we are being watched & will be help accountable

Belief in the Predestination/Destiny (Faraz Rabbani)

• Everyone will die + be resurrected. Belief in heaven & hell, the scale, the path, the questioning, the reckoning, the recompense, punishment + torment for unbelievers are all true

• Good, evil, benefit + harm, determination + destiny are by Allah’s knowledge, will, creation and determining.

Abd al-Ghani al-Nabuisi

“Nothing happens except by the will & permission of Allah, and Allah only permits the good… for He said ‘Whatever of good befalls you it is from Allah.’ Thus, if he wills to create evil, He gives permission to the lower selves of man to will evil, who only then can wish evil and then He creates it.”

Predestination (Ghulam Sarwar)

• Allah is the complete controller of the universe and is all knowing of everything that will happen and what will be.

• It is He who decides the fate of human beings, even with free will. We must pay attention to the guidance that is given to us and worship Allah.

Quran (51:56)

“And I have created the jinn and humankind only that they might worship Me.”

Belief in Life After Death (Faraz Rabbani)

• Everyone will die and then be resurrected

• Belief in heaven + Hell, the scale, the path, the questioning, the reckoning, the recompense, punishment + permanent torment for the unbelievers

Quran (7:172)

“When your Lord took out the offspring from the loins of the children of Adam and made them bear witness about themselves, He said, ‘Am I not your Lord?’ And they replied, ‘Yes, we bear witness.’ So you cannot say on the day of Resurrection, ‘We were not aware of this.’”

Yawmuddin

Day of judgement

Mizan

Balance/scale

Sirat

The bridge

Hawd

Lake

Shafa’a

The intercession