Untitled Flashcards Set

Asymmetry

One half of the lesion does not match the other.

Border

Irregular, blurred, or poorly defined edges of a skin lesion.

Color

Variations in color such as multiple shades of brown, black, red, white, or blue.

Diameter

The size of a lesion; greater than 6mm is concerning.

Evolution

Changes in size, shape, or color of a lesion over time.

Funny looking

A lesion that looks different from other moles, known as the 'ugly duckling' sign.

Diaphoresis

Excessive sweating often associated with fever, anxiety, or shock.

Dehydration

Characterized by dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, and sunken eyes.

Skin Turgor

Tests for hydration by pinching the skin to see how quickly it returns to normal.

Clubbing

Bulbous enlargement of the fingertips associated with chronic hypoxia.

Stage 1 Pressure Injury

Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin.

Stage 2 Pressure Injury

Partial-thickness loss affecting epidermis/dermis, shallow open wound or blister.

Stage 3 Pressure Injury

Full-thickness loss with visible subcutaneous tissue, but no exposure of bone, tendon, or muscle.

Stage 4 Pressure Injury

Full-thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.

Normal Lymph Nodes

Soft, mobile, small, and non-tender.

Abnormal Lymph Nodes

Hard, fixed, tender, or enlarged.

Snellen Chart

Measures visual acuity or distance vision.

Diagnostics Position Test

Tests extraocular muscle function and looks for abnormalities like nystagmus.

Uvula Examination

Checks if the uvula rises symmetrically with phonation.

Accommodation Test

Tests the eye's ability to focus on near and far objects.

Corneal Light Reflex Test

Normal is symmetrical reflection of light in both eyes.

Tympanic Membrane (TM) Normal

Pearly gray, translucent, with a cone of light present.

Tympanic Membrane (TM) Abnormal

Includes redness, bulging, perforation, or scarring.

Proper Otoscope Use

Adults: pull auricle up and back; Children: pull auricle down and back.

Acute Otitis Media

Middle ear infection characterized by a red and bulging TM.

Otitis Externa

Infection of the external ear canal, often causing pain and swelling.

Tympanostomy Tubes

Small tubes inserted into TM to drain fluid and prevent infections.

Tonsil Grading 0

Tonsils have been removed.

Tonsil Grading 1+

Tonsils are visible.

Tonsil Grading 2+

Tonsils are halfway between tonsillar pillars and uvula.

Tonsil Grading 3+

Tonsils are touching the uvula.

Tonsil Grading 4+

Tonsils are touching each other, indicating airway obstruction risk.

Nasal Patency Exam Normal

Equal airflow in both nostrils.

Nasal Patency Exam Abnormal

Obstruction or deviated septum causing unequal airflow.

Cover Test

Used to test for strabismus, or eye misalignment.

Cerumen

Earwax that protects and lubricates the ear canal, can be wet or dry.

pallor

can indicate anemia or poor circualtion

cyanosis

sign of hypoxia (lack of oxygen)

jaundice

indicates liver dysfunction or bile duct

erythema

may indicate inflammation or infection