Module 16

Network Security Fundamentals

What does the CIA Triad stand for?

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability.

What is malware?

Malicious software designed to harm or exploit devices or data.

What does a firewall do?

Controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules.

What is phishing?

Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information via deceptive emails or websites.

What is social engineering?

Manipulating people to give up confidential information.

What is a DoS attack?

Denial of Service — floods a system to make it unavailable.

What does VPN stand for?

Virtual Private Network.

Why are software updates important for security?

They patch vulnerabilities and fix security bugs.

What is port security?

A switch feature that limits devices that can connect to a port.

How can you protect against man-in-the-middle attacks?

Use encryption protocols like HTTPS, VPNs, and strong authentication.

In which network model does each device act as both a client and a server?

Peer-to-Peer Model

What is the primary advantage of a client-server network over a peer-to-peer network?

Centralized control and better scalability.

What is the key weakness of a peer-to-peer network in terms of security?

Lack of centralized management makes enforcing security harder.

Which model is easier and cheaper to set up for small home networks?

Peer-to-Peer Model

In the client-server model, what happens if the server fails?

Clients cannot access the services until the server is restored.

What is a real-world example of a P2P application used for file sharing?

BitTorrent

Which layer of the OSI model prepares data by encryption and compression before transmission?

Presentation Layer

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for managing sessions and dialogue between two hosts?

Session Layer

True or False: Peer-to-peer networks require a dedicated server to function.

False

What kind of network model does a web browser accessing a website represent?

Client-Server Model