the goat
Water's ability to act as a solvent explains which of the following phenomena? I. High concentrations of dissolved ions in seawater II. The capacity of living organisms to store many types of molecules in solution in their cells III. Easy transport of toxic substances through the environment
I, II, and III
A negative feedback loop occurs
when a system responds to a change by returning it to its original state.
What is RNA?
A nucleic acid that makes possible the synthesis of proteins
Twenty-five Btu = ___________ joules. (1 Btu = 1,055 J)
26,375
An element is
composed of atoms that cannot be broken down into smaller components.
Bases contribute ______________ to a solution.
negative hydroxide ions
Twenty-five Btu = ___________ Megajoules (MJ ). (1 Btu = 1,055 J)
0.026
The ability to do work describes
energy.
A substance with a pH of 4 has ____ times the hydrogen ion concentration of a substance with a pH of 6.
100
Compounds formed by elements that share electrons are held together by
covalent bonds.
Which is NOT an example of an open system?
A very deep cave
As you study for a midterm your desk becomes cluttered with notes, books, and random pieces paper. The desk will continue to get messier unless you expend energy to clean it up. This is an example of
entropy.
Chemical energy
is a form of potential energy.
Greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere
are increasing.
A dishwasher uses 700 watts each time it is run. The cycle takes one hour. It is run 150 times per year. How much energy can be saved in one year if the dishwasher is replaced by a more efficient model that uses only 500 watts each time it is run? Assume the frequency of use is the same. (1 kWh = 3,600,000 J)
30 kWh
Use Passage 2-1. In Passage 2-1, only a fraction of the chemical or potential energy was converted into electricity. This decrease in the quality of energy is an example of
the second law of thermodynamics.
Energy is measured in
joules or calories.
Problems developed at Mono Lake because
its source water has been redirected for use by people in the Los Angeles area.
A systems analysis of an ecosystem could involve I. inputs of nutrients. II. outputs of energy. III. evaporation.
I, II, and III
Which organic molecules are the basis of biological molecules important to life?
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
Which is NOT a cause of species extinction?
Negative feedback loops
A compound is a molecule composed of atoms
of more than one element.
A half-life measures
the time it takes for one-half of an original radioactive parent atom to decay.
You and a friend are going camping for the night and you both bring camping stoves. Your stove is 25 percent efficient, and uses 0.1 liters of propane fuel to boil 10 cups of water. Your friend's stove is 50 percent efficient. How much propane fuel will your friend need in order to boil 10 cups of water?
0.05 liters
Which would be an effective method to reduce water pollution in the Everglades National Park?
Artificial wetlands upstream of the park
Mono Lake is a terminal lake, which means that
water flows in but not out.
The second law of thermodynamics states that
all systems move toward increased entropy.
What is a protein?
A long chain of nitrogen-containing organic molecules known as amino acids
Water reaches its highest density at
4°C.
Isotopes of an element have the same
number of protons.