Classical Lit Test 2 Review

Most important details are at the top of the "definition"

Anticlea

mother of Odysseus

wife of Laertes

daughter of Autolycus

Antiphates

King of Lamos

married to a giant

known for eating men

Circe

daughter of the sun god (Hyperion also known as Helios)

nymph

turned Odysseus men into swine (pigs)

had an affair with Odysseus

Cimmmerians

people who live near the opening of Hades

nomadic people who live in darkness

Epicaste (Jocasta)

mother and wife of Oedipus

queen of Thebes

Argo

ship captained by Jason and argnauts

also can be Odysseus faithful dog

Teiresias

blind prophet of Thebes

Eurylochus

husband of Odysseus sister

one of the sailors in Odysseus crew

Sirens

lure sailors to their deaths with their “beautiful voice”

half bird half woman

Aeolian Islands

7 islands/floating island

island kingdom of Aeolus

volcanic

Demodocus

blind bard at court of Alcinous

Cicones

name for the people from Esmarus

fought alongside the Trojans

Louts Eaters

people who feast on addicting lotus plants on a small island

Cyclopes

one eye monsters

Polyphemus

son of Poseidon

cyclopes

Aeaea

name of the Circe Island

Acheron

god of the underworld river and lake of pain

Elpenor

youngest sailor in Odysseus crew

was the first ghost that Odysseus encountered

asked Odysseus to properly bury him

Minos

sits in the underworld as judgement on the dead and the ghosts would wait for their sentences from him

King of Knossos

Orion

driving the ghosts of the wild beats in a meadow with a bronze club in the underworld

Tityus

Two vultures on either side of him were digging into his liver in the underworld as punishment

Tantalus

Tried to get water and fruit but was not able to get any in the underworld as a punishment

also a tormented spirit in Hades

Phaethethusa and Lampetie

guarded sheep and cattle of Thrincia (Hyperion island)

Loadamas

oldest son of Alcinous and Arete

Explain how Odysseus was able to reach the knees of the queen without any of the members in court noticing.

Athena gave Odysseus a cloak of darkness

How did Odysseus handle the queen’s questioning regarding his clothing

Odysseus told her that he was on Calypso’s Island, where she took care of him

According to Odysseus account, how many years was he was on Calypso island

7 years

List the type of competitions that were held at the games?

foot races, wrestling, jumping, throwing the disc, and boxing

Who won foot races?

Clytoneus

Who won wrestling?

Euryalus

Who won jumping?

Amphialus

Who won the throwing of the disc?

Elatreus

Who won boxing?

Loadamus (Alcinous son)

King Alcinous says his father told him that Poseidon was angry with the Phaecians for what?

Poseidon was mad that they were being too easy going with giving people escorts

What prophecy was suppposed to take place to the Phaeacians from Poseidon?

ship will be wrecked and bury their city under a mountain

Who was one of the first ghosts who encountered Odysseus?

Elpenor

What is Elpenor request to Odysseus?

to properly bury him with his armor

Which heroes came up to Odysseus with Achilles?

Patroclus, Antilochus, and Ajax

What was the most sickening sight that Odysseus saw throughout his voyage

Scylla tearing his men apart

What happened with Cicones?

At first Odysseus and is men cleared the Cicones. However, after his men did not want to leave and did not listen to Odysseus. Eventually the Cicones got reinforcement and killed half dozen of Odysseus men

What happened with the Lotus Eaters?

Odysseus men ate the lotus fruit and did not want to leave due to the fruit being addicted. So Odysseus made them fast to get the fruit out their system and forced them back on the ship.

What happened with the Cyclopes?

To escape the cyclopes specifically Polyphemus, they lighted a stake on fire and stabbed his eye. They did this by distracting Polyphemus drunk on a delicious drink.

What happened with King Aeolus?

King Aeolus is the captain of the wind. He felt bad for Odysseus and wanted to help him, so he gave him “prime oxhide” to hold/calm the wind for him.

What happened with the Laestrygonians?

Odysseus men were frightened of Antiphates wife due to her size. So Antiphates ate one of his men and then the Laestrygonians started to throw big rocks/stones at Odysseus men.

What happened with Circe?

Circe put Odysseus into swine/pigs

What happened at the land of the dead? (underworld)

Odysseus met Elphenor first

2nd met his mother, Anticlea who hung herself due to longing of wondering where Odysseus was

3rd met Teiresias who told Odysseus that he must restrain himself and his comrades to not eat the sheep and cattle in order to get home safely

Lastly, he met the three (4) heroes Patroclus, Antilochus and Ajax and Achilles

What happened at the 2nd time with Circe?

Warned Odysseus to put wax in his sailors ears to not get lured in by the sirens and to tie himself to the mass of the ship.

Also told Odysseus about Scylla and that he could lose potentially half dozen of his men to 12.

What happened with the Sirens?

They tried to lure Odysseus and his men

What happened with Scylla and Charybdis?

Scylla is a six necked monster with three rows of teeth in each head. She attacked Odysseus ship while he was trying to go through. She also has a Charybdis which is her sucking whirlpool. This is where Odysseus had his "most frightening sight” where Scylla teared up his men

What happened at Thrinacian island

Eurylochus argues with Odysseus about eating the cattle and resting at this island

They later got punished by Zeus for eating the cattle

Aeetes

King of Colchs; owner of Golden Fleece

brother of arce