Advanced Victimology/ Exam 1/ Dr. Childs/ Troy University

Is distress considered negative stress or positive stress?

negative stress

Is eustress considered negative stress or positive stress?

positive stress

What is psychological stress?

severe stress that can cause psychological damage

What is “fight, flight, freeze?”

a physiological reaction to a harmful event

What are some reactions to traumatic events?

damage to physical and behavioral cognitive and emotions

What are some psychological disorders that trauma victims often develop?

PTSD and acute stress disorder

Define coping.

the thoughts and acts that people use to manage internal and external demands posed by a stressful or traumatic event

What is resiliency?

a person’s ability to maintain a balance state in the face of challenges; the ability to “bounce back”

What is a recovered victim?

a victim who comes to terms and acknowledges what was lost

What do victim service providers encourage?

self-care/self-worth

What is sentencing determined by?

the jury

What is parole?

the conditional release of a prison inmate ending their term under the supervision of parole officers

What is the goal for criminal investigation?

find the probable cause and arrest the suspect

define crisis.

a perception or experiencing an event or situation as in intolerable difficulty that exceeds the persons current resources and coping mechanisms

What is modus operandi?

a term used by law enforcement to develop a description of the way particular criminals operate

Why is the initial contact with victim important?

can affect a trustful relationship thereafter

What do victim advocates do?

provide victim information, support, resources, fill out paperwork

What is the first step in child protective services?

intake

what is a hotline?

toll free, 24 hour immediate counciling

What is crisis intervention?

provides immediate assistance by addressing the internal and external difficulties of individuals in crisis

What happens during the booking process?

suspect is detained, fingerprinted, and photographed

What are the multiple roles of child protective services?

collaborate with others, provide treament, advocate for child and family members

What is a plea bargin?

a negotiated agreement/organize and document

What is the difference between the preliminary hearing versus the grand jury hearing?

preliminary hearing have judges while the grand jury hearing has a jury

What does the prosecutor represent in the courtroom?

the state

Who does the defense attorney defend?

the defendant

What is the 6th amendment?

provide right to an attorney

What is a venire?

a pool of potential jurors (first step in jury trial)

What is voir dire?

questioning of prosecutive jurors

What is retribution?

a sentencing goal that considers punishment as justifiable or deserved

What is deterrence?

prevents future crime by sending a message

What are the phases for capital cases?

guilt phase and penalty phase

Define stress.

any demand made on a person that causes a reaction either biologically or psychologically

What is the definition of trauma?

the result of severe stress that cause not only psychological damage

T/F: Most crimes do NOT end in arrest?

True

T/F: Hate and biased crimes are motivated by prejudice.

True

Sheriff departments cover ____ areas

rural

Victims being unfamiliar with the criminal justice system causes them to feel what?

overwhelmed and intimidated

What is the recovery achievement stage?

the final stage of victim recovery

T/F: Victim service providers SHOULD ask the victim if they feel safe.

True

What can be short or long term (but if crisis intervention is not received, long term affects can affect recovery process)?

psychological responses

How can a victim statement be formatted?

written or recorded (sworn or unsworn oral statement)

Where do victim compensation programs get their money from?

court fees and fines collected from the criminal

What type of officers are the most common sworn officers at state level?

highway patrol

What happens during the bail hearing?

bail is determined

T/F: Victims rights are NOT the same in all states.

True

What is an arraignment?

the defendant appears before a court and is notified of the formal charges and rights

Why is rehabilitation through incarceration ideal?

needs addressed and tough skills

Victims rights include:

being informed on court dates and access to the resources within

What is the time difference between PTSD and Acute Stress disorder?

PTSD is symptoms for over a month and Acute Stress Disorder is within a month