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Social psychology
The scientific study of how we think, influence, and relate to one another.
Social cognition
The mental processes that people use to make sense of their social environments.
Person perception
The mental processes we use to form judgments and draw conclusions about the characteristics and motives of other people.
Attribution theory
The tendency for observers to give causal explanations for someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or surroundings.
Fundamental Attribution error
The tendency to overestimate personal characteristics and ignore situational factors in judging others' behavior.
Self-fulfilling prophecy
One person's belief about others leads to actions that induce the others to confirm the belief, leading to its own fulfillment.
Confirmation bias
The tendency to favor information that confirms beliefs and values, while ignoring contradictory evidence.
Rosenthal Effect
High expectations lead to improved performance, while low expectations lead to poor performance.
Halo Effect
Positive impressions in one area influence one's opinion in other areas.
Cognitive dissonance
The discomfort when behavior does not align with values or beliefs.
Elaboration likelihood model
Theory that there are two ways to persuade - central and peripheral routes.
Conformity, Compliance, Obedience
Different forms of social influence.
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
People who agree to a small request are more likely to comply with a larger request.
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
Making a large request first, followed by a smaller one.
Obedience
Compliance to social pressure, as shown in the Milgram experiment.
Social Influence
Normative and informative social influence.
Prejudice
Unjustifiable negative attitude toward a group and its members.
Social Facilitation
Improved performance in the presence of a group.
Group polarization
Tendency for like-minded groups to move to extreme positions.
Altruism
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
Bystander Effect
The likelihood of a bystander to give aid decreases when others are present.
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