Biology Keystone

The six characteristics of life in biology are:


1. Cellular organization
2. Reproduction
3. Metabolism (energy stuff)
4. Homeostasis
5. Change over time
6. Response to stimuli

what are the six characteristics of life in biology?

eukaryote cells

cells with a nucleus and more organelles (complex version)

prokaryote cells

cells with out membrane bound organelles and no nucleus (simpler)

cell membrane

organelle: shell around cell (jiggly not hard one)

mitochondria

organelle: power house of the cell

nucleus

organelle: holds dna

endoplasmic reticulum

organelle that inner cell transport and factory work

golgi aparatus

mailman organelle

cytoplasm

inner jelly of the cell holding stuff together

cell wall

organelle for plants that gives support and protects

vacuole

bladder of plant cell that builds pressure

chloroplast

organelle that holds chlorophyll for photosnthesis

photosynthesis

the process of converting sun energy into glucose

chloroplast

where does photosynthesis occur?

carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

equation for photosynthesis (just names)

digestion

converting food into usable glucose (sugar)

cellular respiration

converting glucose into ATP energy molecules

glycolysis

krebs cycle

electron transport chain

three steps of cellular respiration

glucose + oxygen = water + carbon dioxide + ATP

cellular respiration equation (just names)

osmosis

a type of passive transport using water

isotonic

osmosis but make it equal on both sides

hypertonic

osmosis but outside of the cell has more solute

hypotonic

osmosis but outside of the cell has less solute

Active transport

transport requiring ATP and the particles are forced

low to high

Active Transport moves (___ to ___)

endocytosis

snatch a particle with pinching the glove and pulling it into the cell

exocytosis

active transport but pushing a wrapped particle out

passive transport

transport that does not need energy and is natural

high to low

passive transport move…..

facilitated

getting help from carriers in passive transport moves through open thing

diffusion

plain simple basic passive transport (high to low particles through cell membrane)

4

carbon makes how many covalent bonds

solvent

cohesion/adhesion

high heat capacity

low density solid

waters 4 properties

universal solvent

waters ability to dissolve all but lipids

high heat capacity

waters ability to maintain temp

cohesion

waters ability to attract other water

adhesion

waters ability to attract non water

low density solid

waters ability to be less dense as a solid and float

hydrophilic

loves water

hydrophobic

unattracted to water

hydrolysis reaction

the reaction in which you add water back into a polymer

dehydration synthesis

the reaction in which you take water out of polymer

carbs

the macromolecule that provides short term energy

saccharides

monomer of carbs

lipid

fatty acids +glycerol triphesta for cell membrane

protein

the strength macromolecule that builds things

amino acid

monomer of protein

nucleic acid

macromolecule for genetic codes

nucleotides

nucleic acid monomer

RNA

nucleic acid for one strand that transfers genetic code

DNA

nucleus acid that has two strands and can only be found in nucleus

gamete

sperm and egg cell official name

haploid

a cell with half chromosme

diploid

a chromosome with double the fun (normal two thing)

zygote

fertilized cell fancy name

codominance

a form of dominance where both phenotypes are expressed ( example a black x white cat has black and white spots )

incomplete dominance

form of dominance when neither is truly dominants so both mix and for a hybrid